Incamake y'umushinga: Impinduka mu mikorere myiza y'ubwubatsi bushya bwa Tashkent
Umushinga wa Tashkent New City wavutse mu gihe Uzubekisitani yatezaga imbere gahunda y’igihugu yo kwagura imijyi ya “New Tashkent”, kandi wabaye ihinduka rikomeye mu kubaka ibikorwa remezo bigezweho muri Aziya yo Hagati. Orient GS International Engineering Co., Ltd. niyo yakoze kandi itanga uwo mushinga, amaherezo ugamije kwiyubakira no gukora akarere ka New Tashkent.
Inyubako z’ingenzi zizakorwa muri uyu mushinga ni inyubako 182 zakozwe mbere zifite imiterere myiza. Izi nyubako za modular si iz’igihe gito gusa ahubwo ni inyubako zifite imikorere myinshi zihuza amacumbi y’abakozi, ibiro, resitora, ibyumba byo kumeseramo imyenda, ingazi n’inzira. Inyubako zose zakozwe mbere zituruka mu ruganda rwa GS Housing rwa Foshan kandi zizana garanti y’ubuziranenge bw’amezi 12, bigaragaza neza ko inganda z’Abashinwa zizewe kandi zihangana mu rwego mpuzamahanga rw’ibikorwa remezo.
Inkomoko y'umushinga: Kuki Tashkent ikeneye inyubako zigezweho?
Ubukungu bwa Uzbekistan bwabaye ubwa mbere butera imbere cyane muri Aziya yo Hagati kuva aho bwavugururiwe bugafungurwa mu 2017. Umurwa mukuru, Tashkent, uri munsi y’igitutu gatatu giturutse ku kwiyongera kw’abaturage, ibura ry’amazu, n’ibikorwaremezo bishaje. Mu 2023, Perezida Mirziyoyev yatangije umushinga wa "New Tashkent", ugamije gushyiraho akarere gashya kagezweho mu burasirazuba bw’umujyi usanzwe gashobora kwakira abantu miliyoni. Uburyo gakondo bwo kubaka sima ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa sima butwara igihe kinini, buhenze, kandi bugira ingaruka zikomeye ku bidukikije, bigatuma bitaberanye n’iterambere ryihuse ry’umujyi mushya.
Igisubizo cyiza cyabayeinyubako yakozwe mbere ya modular iturutse mu BushinwaUruganda rushobora gukora modular units 182 icyarimwe, rurangiza gushyiraho amashanyarazi mbere yo kuyashyiraho, gushyiraho insulation, gushariza imbere, no kuyashyiraho inyuma icyarimwe. Kubaka aho hantu bigarukira ku mirimo yo gusimbuza no guterura no guteranya modules. Iyi moderi "yo gukora uruganda + guteranya aho hantu" igabanya igihe cyo kubaka ku kigero kirenga 50%, igabanya imyanda y'ubwubatsi ku kigero cya 70%, kandi ijyanye neza n'ubushobozi bw'abakozi bo mu gace n'ikoranabuhanga muri Uzbekistan.
Ibintu by'ingenzi mu buhanga mu nyubako zateguwe n'Ubushinwa: Ubuyobozi bwuzuye kuva ku gitereko kugeza ku by'amashanyarazi
1. Icyuma gikonje gikozwe mu cyuma cya galvanised – imyaka 20 y'inyubako
Inyubako zose z’ibanze zubatswe mu cyuma gikonje gikozwe mu cyuma cya galvanised cyiza cyane. Iki gikoresho gitunganywa mu buryo buhoraho mu gukora ubukonje kugira ngo ubushobozi bwo gukora neza no gutwara imizigo bugerweho. Ubunini bw'urwego rwa galvanised bukurikije neza ISO 1461 kandi butanga uburinzi bwizewe ku ingese iterwa no gushonga, ibi bikaba ari ingaruka z'ihindagurika ry'ubushuhe n'itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe n'ijoro mu kirere cyumye cya Tashkent. Igihe cyayo cyo gushushanya ni imyaka 20, ni ukuvuga imyaka 5-8 isanzwe ku nkambi z'agateganyo. Ikubiyemo neza icyiciro cy'ubwubatsi n'itangira ry'ibikorwa by'icyiciro cya mbere cy'umushinga mushya wa Tashkent.
2. Ibyuma byo ku nkuta bya Sandwich by'ubwoya bw'amabuye—Impamyabushobozi yo mu cyiciro cya A idashya
Inkuta zo hanze n'ibice by'iyi module bikozwe mu byuma by'ubwoya bw'amabuye. Ubwoya bw'amabuye ni ibikoresho bidashya bifite ubushyuhe burenze 1000°C, byujuje ibisabwa mu cyiciro cya A. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane muri Aziya yo Hagati, aho amategeko agenga inyubako muri Uzbekistan agenda arushaho gukomera ku bijyanye n'ibisabwa mu kurinda inkongi z'umuriro ku macumbi y'abantu benshi, resitora, n'ibiro. Ibikoresho byo ku nkuta by'ubwoya bw'amabuye byo mu cyiciro cya A ntibisohora imyuka ihumanya, bigatuma habaho igihe cy'ingenzi cyo kwimuka mu gihe habayeho inkongi y'umuriro. Muri icyo gihe, ubwoya bw'amabuye bufite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurinda amajwi (ubushyuhe bw'amajwi bufite uburemere bwa RW ≥ 30 dB), bunatanga ubuzima bwite iyo module nyinshi zikoreshejwe iruhande.
3. Sisitemu yuzuye y'amashanyarazi—Gushyiramo insinga z'ubwenge zikoresha amashanyarazi
Buri module y'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi ishyirwa mu ruganda, igizwe na:
Sisitemu y'amatara: Amatara ya LED akora neza cyane afite uburyo bwo kugenzura ahantu hatandukanye
Amasoko y'amashanyarazi: Amasoko y'amashanyarazi afite imikorere myinshi yujuje ibisabwa muri Uzbekistan aherereye mu byumba byo kuraramo, mu biro no mu makorosi.
Isoko ryihariye rya Air Conditioner: Insinga z'amashanyarazi menshi, zikwiriye ibyuma bikonjesha bitandukanye.
Udusanduku two Gukwirakwiza: Uburinzi bw'amashanyarazi asohoka n'ibikoresho bigabanya umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi, byujuje ibisabwa na IEC 60364
Aho ukorera, ushyira gusa imiyoboro yihuse ihuza amashanyarazi kuva kuri module ujya kuri insinga nyamukuru kugira ngo ushyire umuriro mu nkambi yose y’abakozi; nta gufunga imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi n’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi bikenewe, kandi akazi k’abakozi b’amashanyarazi aho bakorera karagabanutse cyane.
4. Ubudahangarwa bw'Umutingito bwa dogere 8 n'Ubudahangarwa bw'Umuyaga bwa 0.6 kN/m² - Guhura n'Ibisabwa mu Kirere Gikomeye cya Aziya yo Hagati
Tashkent iherereye mu gace gakunze kugaragaramo imitingito kandi yahuye n’umutingito ukomeye mu 1966. Injeniyeri z’inzobere mu by’ubwubatsi zemeje imiterere yayo ya modular kandi zagaragaje ko zihanganira imbaraga za mitingito zigera kuri 8. Mu duce tw’ingenzi duhuza, imigozi ikomeye cyane na gasket zikoreshwa kugira ngo habeho kwimuka guke hagati ya modular kugira ngo ingufu za mitingito zigabanuke.
Igipimo cy’imiterere y’umuyaga ni 0.6 kN/m², kingana n’umuvuduko w’umuyaga w’ibanze ushobora kwihanganira inkubi z’umuyaga zo mu cyiciro cya 12. Imbere mu gihugu, imiyaga ikomeye ikunze kugaragara cyane ugereranyije n’uturere two ku nkombe za Uzbekistan, ariko Neo-Tashkent iri ku kibaya gifunguye kandi rimwe na rimwe ikagira imvura y’umucanga mu mpeshyi. Iyi ngingo y’umuvuduko w’umuyaga ishimangira ko modules zihamye ndetse no mu bihe by’ikirere kibi cyane.
Icyitegererezo cy'ubufatanye: Ikoranabuhanga ryagezweho ryo gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa mu bigo by'Abashinwa n'Abayuzubeki
Uyu mushinga wateguye uburyo busanzwe bwo gukorana "Byakorewe mu Bushinwa + Porogaramu yo mu Karere":
Inganda n'Itangwa ry'Ibikoresho: Inyubako za modular zikozwe mbere zigakorwa neza, zigakorerwa mu ruganda, zigasuzumwa mu ruganda, kandi zoherezwa mu mahanga na Orient GS International Engineering Co., Ltd. Dufite ubunararibonye bwinshi mu mishinga yo mu mahanga mu bijyanye no gukora modularization y'ibyuma bikonje, kandi tuzi neza amahame mpuzamahanga yo kwemeza ibikoresho nka EU CE na GOST y'Uburusiya.
Kugura no Gukoresha: Hold Brothers Engineering LLC ni ikigo cy’ubwubatsi cyo muri Uzbekistan, cyagize uruhare runini mu kubaka umujyi mushya wa Tashkent. Iyi sosiyete yari ishinzwe gutangiza umushinga, gupima aho ibikorwa bibera, kubaka umusingi, kuzamura module, kwakira bwa nyuma, no kubungabunga no gukoresha modules iyo zigeze aho ibikorwa bibera.
Ikoreshwa rya nyuma: Modules 182 zose zakoreshejwe mu kubaka amacumbi y'inkambi, harimo amacumbi y'agateganyo y'abakozi b'ubwubatsi; ibiro by'itsinda rishinzwe umushinga; resitora n'aho kumesa imyenda; ndetse n'ingazi n'inzira bihuza ahantu hatandukanye hakorerwa imirimo. Nyuma y'uko inyubako z'ibanze (inyubako za leta, amashuri, n'ibitaro) z'umujyi mushya zubatswe, modules zishobora gukurwaho zishobora gusenywa zikimurirwa ahandi hantu ho kubaka kugira ngo zikoreshwe, ibi bikaba bihuye n'igitekerezo cy'ubukungu bushingiye ku ruziga.
Ibisobanuro by'Igicuruzwa: Imiterere y'Amaseti 182
Ubwoko busanzwe bwa module burimo, nubwo imiterere ya nyuma ihinduka bitewe n'ibisabwa aho ikorera:
| Ubwoko bwa module | Ingano | Imikorere |
| Isomo ry'amacumbi | 100 | Icyumba kimwe cyangwa bibiri, harimo igitanda, akabati ko kubikamo ibintu, ameza, n'ubwiherero bwihariye |
| Moduli y'Ibiro | 30 | Ahantu hafunguye ibiro cyangwa icyumba cyihariye, gifite amashanyarazi n'aho umuriro uhurira hadakoreshejwe ingufu nyinshi |
| Moduli yo mu cyumba cyo kuriramo | 15 | Ubushobozi bwo kwakira abantu 50-80 icyarimwe, hamwe n'aho umwotsi wo mu gikoni wagenewe |
| Icyiciro cy'Imyenda yo kumeseramo | 6 | Imashini imesa/yumutsa amazi, imiyoboro y'amazi n'insinga z'amashanyarazi byabugenewe |
| Moduli y'Ingazi | 16 | Ihuza ry'ingazi rifite urwego rubiri, icyuma gikozwe mu byuma bikozwe mu cyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa galvanised staircase |
| Inzira y'Inzira | 15 | Inzira ifunze ihuza ahantu hatandukanye hakorerwa imirimo, ifite ubugari bwa metero 1.5 |
Ingano zose za module zikoreshwa mbere zishingiye ku module zisanzwe zo koherezamo amakontena kugira ngo byorohere gutwara no kuzamura ubutaka..
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa - Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Q1: Ese izi modular units zizashobora gukora mu gihe cy'ubukonje bukabije bwa Uzbekistan?
A: Yego. Udupapuro twa sandwich tw’ubwoya bw’amabuye ubusanzwe tuba dufite ubwoya bw’amabuye bwa mm 50-100, kandi ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushyuhe buri hasi ya 0.040 W/(m·K). Hamwe n’udupira two gufunga module gap na amadirishya afite ibirahuri bibiri, ubushyuhe bwo mu nzu bushobora kuguma hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 15 hamwe n’icyuma gishyushya amashanyarazi gito cyangwa icyuma gishyushya umuyaga gikoresha lisansi, ku bihe by’itumba rya Tashkent kuva kuri -10°C kugeza kuri -15°C. GS Housing ishobora guhindura uburyo bwo kongera ubunini bw’urukuta cyangwa kongeramo urwego rwo gukingira niba agace nyako k’umushinga gafite ibisabwa bikomeye.
Q2: Ni gute modules zitwarwa? Ni intera ingana iki kuva Foshan kugera Tashkent?
A: Ubusanzwe hakoreshwa uburyo bwinshi bwo gutwara abantu buhuza imihanda na gari ya moshi: modules zishyirwa ku ruganda i Foshan zikoherezwa i Xi'an / Urumqi hanyuma zigatwarwa binyuze muri gari ya moshi ya China-Europe Express binyuze ku mupaka wa Khorgos, zinyuze muri Kazakisitani, mbere yo kugera mu bubiko bw'aho i Tashkent. Igihe cyose cyo gutwara ni iminsi 20-30, ibiciro bigabanukaho hafi 40% ugereranije n'ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda kandi ntibiterwa cyane n'ikirere.
Q3: Ni ibihe bikoresho byihariye cyangwa abakozi b'abahanga basabwa kugira ngo bashyirweho nyuma yuko modules zigeze aho zikorera?
A: Ibikoresho by'ingenzi ni crane y'ikamyo. Module isanzwe ipima toni 2 kugeza kuri 5 kandi crane ya toni 25 niyo ikora akazi. Ahantu hakenewe fondasiyo ikomeye kandi iringaniye (fondasiyo y'umugozi cyangwa hasi ha sima) hamwe n'imiyoboro ihuza amazi n'amashanyarazi. Abakozi b'abahanga bagizwe n'umukoresha crane umwe n'abahuza module 4 kugeza kuri 5 bashinzwe gufunga bolt, guhuza amashanyarazi vuba no gukoresha sealant. GS Housing itanga imfashanyigisho zo gushyiraho no gufasha mu gukoresha videwo; imishinga igoye ishobora gusaba igenzura ry'aho hantu n'abahanga (hari amafaranga y'inyongera).
Q4: Ni iki garanti ifitiye inzu 182 zigezweho? Ni gute wabona indishyi
A: Igihe cy'ingwate ni amezi 12 uhereye igihe modules zigereye ku cyambu cya Foshan kugira ngo zipakururwe. Ubuyobozi burimo:
Ibice by'inyubako: Gukura nabi kw'igitambaro cya galvanised, kwangirika, cyangwa guhinduka kw'icyuma gikonje (bitatewe no kurenza urugero).
Uburyo bwo gufunga: Gukuraho amasafuriya ya sandwich akozwe mu bwoya bw'amabuye, kwangirika kw'amasafuriya
Sisitemu y'amashanyarazi: Guhinduranya amadirishya, amasoko, n'ingufu zo gufunga uruziga mu gihe cy'ikoreshwa risanzwe
Ntibikubiye muri ibi bikurikira: Ibyangiritse mu gutwara ibintu (umuguzi agomba gufata amafoto ako kanya nyuma yo kubihabwa kugira ngo asabe indishyi ku isosiyete ishinzwe gutwara ibintu, ibyangiritse mu gutwara ibintu), ibyangiritse bitewe n'ikoreshwa nabi, n'ikosa ryatewe no kudakora neza nk'uko bivugwa mu gitabo cy'amabwiriza.
Uburyo bwo gusaba: Umuguzi atanga ibimenyetso by'amafoto/videwo + ibisobanuro by'ikosa. → GS Housing yemeza ku mugaragaro ko ifite garanti → Ibikoresho bisimburana ku buntu byoherezwa cyangwa bigakurwa ku giciro gikurikira.
Q5: Ese izi modules zishobora kongera gukoreshwa nyuma y'imyaka 20 zikora igishushanyo mbonera?
A: Yego. Icyuma gikonje gikozwe muri galvanize gishobora kongera gukoreshwa 100% kandi gishobora gushongeshwa kigakoreshwa mu byuma bishya, gifite agaciro ka 30-40% by'igiciro cy'icyuma cya mbere; ibyuma biri mu byuma bya sandwichi by'ubwoya bw'amabuye bishobora gukurwaho no kongera gukoreshwa, kandi ubwoya bw'amabuye ubwabwo bushobora gushwanyaguzwa no kongera gukoreshwa nk'ubutaka cyangwa ibikoresho byuzuza ibikoresho by'inganda. GS Housing ntikoresha ibikoresho bigoye gutandukanya mu gushushanya, kandi modules zishobora kugera ku gipimo cyo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho kirenga 90%. Ibi bihuye na politiki ya Uzbekistan yo kubaka no kurengera ibidukikije yashyizweho mu myaka ya vuba aha.
Ikibazo cya 6. Ese hari ibisabwa byihariye byo gutanga icyemezo muri Uzbekistan? Ese izi modules zirabyujuje?
Q: Ni gute Uzbekistan igenzura ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bitumizwa mu mahanga? A: Binyuze cyane cyane ku gipimo cya GOST. Ibice by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho bya GS Housing bikunze kuba bifite icyemezo cya CE cyangwa ISO kandi gasutamo ya Uzbekistan yemera raporo z'ibizamini bya laboratwari bya CNAS bivuye mu Bushinwa.
Umwanzuro
182 Moduli Zisanzwe, Ishingiro ry'Umujyi Mushya, Igezweho Umushinga wa Tashkent New City si isoko ry'agateganyo ryo gusa, ahubwo ni ukwerekana igihugu cyose ko Uzubekisitani yishimira ibikorwa by'inganda, ibikorwa bihumanya ikirere n'ibidafite karuboni nyinshi, hamwe no gutanga ibikoresho neza. Udukoresho 182 tw'icyuma gikonje cyakozwe mu buryo bwa galvanised ni umusaruro w'ikoranabuhanga ry'inganda z'Abashinwa no gusobanukirwa neza isoko rya Aziya yo Hagati. Kuva ku nkuta z'ubwoya bw'amabuye zidashobora gushya (Class A), kugeza ku gishushanyo mbonera cy'inyubako zidashobora gushya za dogere 8 ndetse na garanti y'amezi 12 muri FOB Nk'uko Foshan yabivuze, ibisobanuro byose ni ugusubiza ikibazo kimwe: ni gute wavugurura ahantu ho gukambika mu mahanga kuva ku "gihe gito" ukagera ku "bufite ubuziranenge"?
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 03-06-26