Tirohanga Whānui o te Kaupapa: Te Huringa Whai Hua o te Hanganga o Tashkent Hou
I whānau mai te Kaupapa Tāone Hou o Tashkent i runga i te whakatairanga kaha a Uzbekistan i te mahere whaanuitanga rautaki tāone ā-motu "Tashkent Hou", ā, kua noho hei wāhi nui mō te hanganga o ngā hanganga hou i Āhia Waenganui. Nā Orient GS International Engineering Co., Ltd. i hanga, i whakarato hoki i te kaupapa, ā, ko te mutunga iho, ko te mahi hei tautoko i te hanga-ā-koe me te whakahaere i te rohe o Tashkent Hou.
Ko te whāinga matua o te kaupapa he 182 ngā whare hanga-mua, he kounga teitei. Ehara i te mea he whare noho rangitahi noa iho ēnei whare hanga-mua, engari he pūnaha whare maha-mahi e whakakotahi ana i te wāhi noho o ngā kaimahi, ngā tari, ngā wharekai, ngā rūma horoi kakahu, ngā arawhata, me ngā ara raro. Ka kaweakehia ngā whare hanga-mua katoa mai i te wheketere o GS Housing i Foshan, ā, he taurangi kounga 12-marama te roa, e whakaatu ana i te pono me te whakataetae o te hanga Hainamana i roto i te rāngai hanganga o te ao.
Papamuri Kaupapa: He aha i hiahia ai a Tashkent ki ngā Whare Poraka?
Ko te ōhanga o Uzbekistan te mea tino tere te tipu i Āhia Waenganui mai i tōna whakahoutanga me te whakatuwheratanga i te tau 2017. Kei raro te tāone matua, a Tashkent, i te pēhanga toru mai i te tere tipu o te taupori, te korenga o ngā whare, me ngā hanganga tawhito. I te tau 2023, i whakarewahia e te Perehitini Mirziyoyev te kaupapa "Tashkent Hou", e whai ana ki te waihanga i tētahi rohe hou hou ki te rawhiti o te tāone o nāianei ka taea te noho ki te miriona tāngata. He roa te wā e pau ana i ngā tikanga hanga raima whakapakari tuku iho, he utu nui, ā, he nui te pānga ki te taiao, ā, kāore i te pai mō te tere whanaketanga o te tāone hou.
Kua riro te otinga pai rawa atute whare modular kua oti te hanga mai i HainaKa taea e te wheketere te whakaputa i ngā waeine modular 182 i te wā kotahi, e whakaoti ana i te tāutanga hiko i mua, te tāutanga whakamahana, te whakapaipai o roto, me te whakapaipai o waho i te wā kotahi. Ko te hanganga i runga i te papaanga he mahi turanga me te hiki me te huihuinga o ngā waeine. Mā tēnei tauira "hanga wheketere + huihuinga i runga i te papaanga" ka whakapotohia te wā hanga katoa mā te neke atu i te 50%, ka whakaitihia te para hanga mā te 70%, ā, he tino rite ki te kaha mahi ā-rohe me ngā pūkenga hangarau i Uzbekistan.
Ngā Kaupapa Hangarau o ngā Whare Hanga-mua o Haina: He Aratohu Whānui mai i te Anga ki te Hiko
1. Anga Rino Matao-Whakapaipai – 20 Tau te Ora Hanganga
He mea hanga ngā hanganga matua katoa mai i te maitai whakapūmau matao kounga teitei. Ka tukatukahia tēnei rauemi i roto i te tukanga whakapūmau matao tonu kia tutuki ai te pai o te whakawhiti-wāhanga me te kaha mama engari kaha ki te kawe kawenga. Ko te matotoru o te paparanga whakapūmau he mea hanga kia rite ki te ISO 1461, ā, ka hoatu he tiaki pono mai i te waikura i puta mai i te haukū, he hua tēnei o ngā rerekētanga o te haumākū me ngā rerekētanga pāmahana o te ao me te pō i roto i te āhuarangi whenua maroke o Tashkent. Ko tōna roanga hoahoa he 20 tau, he nui ake i te 5-8 tau noa mō ngā puni whare noho rangitahi. Ka kapi katoa i te hanganga me te wāhanga mahi tuatahi o te wāhanga tuatahi o te kaupapa hou o Tashkent.
2. Ngā Panera Pakitara Hanawiti Huruhuru Roka—Tiwhikete Ārai Ahi Akomanga A
He mea hanga ngā pakitara o waho me ngā ārai o te kōwae ki ngā panera whakarewa hangai huruhuru toka. He rauemi kore-mura te huruhuru toka, ā, he ira rewa neke atu i te 1000℃, e tutuki ana i te paerewa kore-mura Akomanga A. He pono rawa tēnei i Āhia Waenganui, kei te kaha haere ngā ture hanga o Uzbekistan e pā ana ki ngā whakaritenga haumaru ahi mō ngā whare noho, ngā wharekai, me ngā tari e noho puku ana. Kāore ngā panera pakitara huruhuru toka Akomanga A e tuku ana i ngā paoa paitini, e whakarato ana i te wā nui mō te whakawātea i roto i te wā ka puta he ahi. I taua wā anō, he pai te mahi whakamarumaru oro o te huruhuru toka (whakamarumaru oro taumaha RW ≥ 30 dB), e whakarato ana hoki i te tūmataitinga ina whakamahia ngā kōwae maha i te taha.
3. Pūnaha Hiko Katoa—Mono me te Whakamahi i ngā Waea Atamai
Kei ia waeine ipu he pūnaha hiko katoa i hangaia i te wheketere, arā:
Pūnaha Whakamārama: Ngā rama panera LED tino whai hua me te mana whakahaere rohe
Ngā Putanga Hiko: Kei roto i ngā rūma moe, i ngā tari, me ngā ara raro ngā putanga hiko maha-mahi e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa o Uzbekistan.
Putanga Pūwero Hauātea Motuhake: Waea hiko-teitei, e tika ana mō ngā pūwero hauātea wehewehe.
Pouaka Tohatoha Takitahi: He parenga iahiko turuturu me ngā kaiwawao hiko taumaha kua hangaia ki roto, e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa IEC 60364
I te papaanga, me mono noa ngā pūnga hono-tere mai i te waeine ki te taura matua hei whakakaha i te puni whare kaimahi katoa; kāore e hiahiatia he keri rua tuarua me te tāutanga paipa, ā, ka tino whakaitihia te mahi a ngā kaimahi hiko i te papaanga.
4. Ātete ki te Rū Whenua 8 Ngā Nekehanga me te Ātete ki te Hau 0.6 kN/m² – Te Whakatutuki i ngā Whakaritenga o te Āhuarangi Tino Kaha o Āhia Waenganui
Kei roto a Tashkent i tētahi rohe rū whenua kaha, ā, i pāngia e tētahi rū whenua kaha i te tau 1966. Kua manatokohia e ngā kaihanga hanganga ngaio tōna hanganga ā-pūrere, ā, kua whakamātauhia kia tu atu ki ngā kaha rū whenua tae atu ki te 8 te kaha. I roto i ngā pūnga hononga matua, ka whakamahia ngā pūtu kaha-teitei me ngā gaskets rapa hei tuku i te nekehanga iti i waenga i ngā pūrere hei whakamarara i te kaha rū whenua.
Ko te uara hoahoa o te ātete hau he 0.6 kN/m², he rite ki te pēhanga hau taketake e taea te tu atu i ngā awhiowhio Kāwai 12. I uta, he iti ake te auau o ngā hau kaha i ērā i ngā rohe takutai o Uzbekistan, engari kei runga a Neo-Tashkent i tētahi mania tuwhera, ā, i ētahi wā ka puta he awha onepu i te puna. Mā tēnei paerewa kawenga hau ka mau tonu te pumau o ngā kōwae ahakoa i roto i ngā āhuatanga huarere kino.
Tauira Mahi Ngātahi: Te Mahi Angitu o te Tuku Tahi a ngā Hinonga Hainamana me Uzbekistan
I whakawhanakehia e tēnei kaupapa tētahi tauira mahi tahi "Hangaia ki Haina + Taupānga ā-Rohe":
Te Hanga me te Tuku: Ko ngā whare hanga-mua kua hoahoatia, kua arotauhia, kua hangaia i te wheketere, kua tirotirohia i te wheketere, ā, kua kaweakehia e Orient GS International Engineering Co., Ltd. He nui ō mātou wheako ki ngā kaupapa o tāwāhi i roto i te mara o te hanga-matao o te maitai angiangi, ā, e mōhio ana mātou ki ngā paerewa tiwhikete o te ao pēnei i te EU CE me te GOST Rūhia.
Te Hokonga me te Whakahaere: He kamupene miihini ā-rohe a Hold Brothers Engineering LLC nō Uzbekistan, i uru tata ki te hanganga o te tāone hou o Tashkent. Ko te kamupene te kawenga mō te tīmatanga o te kaupapa, te whakataurite i te papaanga, te hanganga turanga, te hiki i ngā kōwae, te whakaae whakamutunga, me te tiaki me te whakahaere i ngā kōwae ina tae mai ki te papaanga.
Whakamahinga Mutunga: I whakamahia ngā kōwae 182 katoa hei hanga i te puni, tae atu ki ngā whare moe rangitahi mō ngā kaimahi hanga; te wāhi tari mō te rōpū whakahaere kaupapa; he wharekai me ngā wāhi horoi kakahu i te papa; tae atu ki ngā arawhata me ngā ara raro e hono ana i ngā wāhi mahi maha. I muri i te hanganga o ngā whakaurunga taketake (ngā whare kāwanatanga, ngā kura, me ngā hōhipera) o te tāone hou, ka taea te wetewete i ngā kōwae ipu ka taea te tango, ka nekehia ki ētahi atu papa hanga hei whakamahi anō, he mea e rite ana ki te ariā ohanga porowhita.
Ngā Taipitopito o te Wāhanga Hua: 182 Ngā Huinga Hanganga
Ko ngā momo kōwae noa ko: ahakoa ka whakarerekētia te whirihoranga whakamutunga kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga o te papaanga:
| Momo Kōwae | Te rahinga | Mahi |
| Wāhanga Noho | 100 | Rūma takitahi/takirua, tae atu ki te moenga, te kāpata rokiroki, te tēpu mahi, me te kaukau motuhake |
| Kōwae Tari | 30 | He tari tuwhera, he rūma iti rānei, he mea hanga ki ngā hononga hiko me ngā hononga ngaohiko iti |
| Wāhanga Rūma Kai | 15 | Ka taea te whakauru i te 50-80 tāngata i te wā kotahi, me te atanga putanga hau o te kīhini kua rāhuitia |
| Wāhanga Rūma Horoi | 6 | Kua rāhuitia te puna wai, te waikeri, me ngā waea hiko mō te mīhini horoi/whakamaroke ahumahi. |
| Kōwae Arapae | 16 | Hononga kōwae paparua-rua, he kakau arawhata maitai kua whakakikoruatia |
| Kōwae Ara | 15 | He ara kua kati e hono ana i ngā wāhi mahi maha, 1.5m te whānui |
Ko ngā rahi o ngā waeine hanga-mua katoa e hangai ana ki ngā waeine ipu paerewa mō te kawe whenua me te hiki ngāwari..
Ngā Pātai Auau – Ngā Pātai Noa
P1: Ka taea e ēnei waeine modular te mahi i ngā hotoke kino o Uzbekistan?
A: Āe. Ko ngā panera hanawiti huruhuru toka he huruhuru toka 50-100mm te matotoru, ā, ko te kawe wera he iti iho i te 0.040 W/(m·K). Mā te whakamahi i ngā rīpene hiri āputa mō ngā waeine me ngā matapihi karāhe-rua, ka taea te pupuri i te pāmahana o roto ki runga ake i te 15°C mā te whakamahi i tētahi whakamahana hiko iti, i tētahi whakamahana hau wahie rānei, mō ngā āhuatanga hotoke o Tashkent mai i te -10°C ki te -15°C. Ka taea e GS Housing te whakarite kia nui ake te matotoru o te panera pakitara, kia tāpirihia rānei he paparanga whakamarumaru mēnā he tino kaha ake ngā whakaritenga o te wāhi kaupapa.
P2: Me pēhea te kawe i ngā kōwae? Kia pēhea te tawhiti mai i Foshan ki Tashkent?
A: Ko te tikanga, he momo kawe maha-momo e whakamahia ana, e whakakotahi ana i te rori me te reriwe: ka utaina ngā waeine ki te wheketere i Foshan ka tukuna ki Xi'an / Urumqi, kātahi ka haria mā te China-Europe Railway Express mā te rohe whakawhiti o Khorgos, mā Kazakhstan, i mua i te taenga ki te papa rokiroki o te rohe i Tashkent. Ko te roanga o te kawe katoa he tata ki te 20-30 rā, ka heke te utu mā te 40% ki te whakataurite ki te kawe rori tuturu, ā, he iti ake te whakawhirinaki ki te huarere.
Q3: He aha ngā taputapu motuhake, ngā kaimahi mohio rānei e hiahiatia ana mō te tāutanga i muri i te taenga mai o ngā kōwae ki te papaanga?
A: Ko te taputapu matua he kerēne taraka. E 2 ki te 5 tana te taumaha o tētahi waeine noa, ā, mā te kerēne 25 tana e mahi te mahi. Me whai turanga pakari, papatahi hoki te papa (papa rīpene, papa raima rānei) me ngā hononga ki te wai me te hiko mō te papa. Ko te hunga mahi pūkenga he kaiwhakahaere kerēne kotahi me ngā hononga waeine e 4 ki te 5, ko rātou te kawenga mō te whakakī i te pūtu, te hononga mono hiko tere me te tono hiri. Ka whakaratohia e GS Housing ngā pukapuka tāutanga me te āwhina ataata mamao; me tirotiro pea ngā kaupapa uaua i te papa e ngā miihini (ka utua he utu tāpiri).
P4: He aha ngā mea e hipokina ana e te pūtāhui mō ngā whare modular 182? Me pēhea te tiki utu
A: Ko te roanga o te wā whakamana he 12 marama mai i te rā i tae mai ai ngā kōwae ki te Tauranga o Foshan hei uta. Kei roto i ngā kapinga:
Ngā wāhanga hanganga: Te kiri hē o te paninga piauau, ngā kapiti, te āhua rerekē rānei o te maitai piko-makariri (ehara i te mea nā te taumaha rawa).
Pūnaha ārai: Te tango i ngā panera hanawiti i hangaia ki te huruhuru toka, te waikura i roto i ngā panera
Pūnaha hiko: Te pakaru o ngā pana, ngā tūhono, me te whati ara iahiko i tāutahia e te wheketere i te wā e whakamahia ana i te nuinga o te wā
Kāore i roto: Ngā kino o te kawe waka (me tango pikitia tonu te kaihoko i muri i te whiwhinga o te utu mai i te kamupene kawe waka hei tono utu, ngā kino o te kawe waka), ngā kino i puta mai i te whakamahinga hē, me te hapa i puta mai i te kore tiaki e ai ki te pukapuka.
Tukanga Kereme: Ka whakaratohia e te kaihoko he taunakitanga whakaahua/ataata me te whakaahuatanga o te hapa. → Ka whakaū mana a GS Housing kei raro i te pūtāhui → Ka tukuna, ka tangohia rānei ngā wāhanga whakakapinga kore utu mai i te ota e whai ake nei.
P5: Ka taea te hangarua i ēnei kōwae i muri i te 20 tau o te oranga hoahoa?
Āe. Ko te maitai whakapūkara matao he mea hangarua 100%, ā, ka taea te whakarewa me te hangarua hei maitai hou, me te uara hangarua tata ki te 30-40% o te utu maitai taketake; ka taea te tango i ngā panera whakarewa i roto i ngā panera hanawiti huruhuru toka me te hangarua, ā, ka taea te kuru i te huruhuru toka me te whakamahi anō hei papa māra, hei rauemi whakakī ahumahi rānei. Kāore a GS Housing e whakamahi i ngā rauemi hiato uaua ki te wehewehe mō te hoahoa, ā, ka taea e ngā kōwae te eke ki te tere whakamahi anō rauemi neke atu i te 90%. He rite tēnei ki ngā kaupapa here hanga whare matomato me te ōhanga porowhita a Uzbekistan i whakaurua i ngā tau tata nei.
P6. He whakaritenga motuhake mō te tiwhikete kei Uzbekistan? E tutuki ana ēnei whakaritenga i ēnei kōwae?
P: Me pēhea te whakahaere a Uzbekistan i ngā hua hanga kawemai? W: Mā te paerewa GOST te nuinga. Ko ngā wāhanga matua o ngā waeine modular a GS Housing he mea whaimana CE, ISO rānei, ā, e whakaae ana ngā tikanga a Uzbekistan ki ngā pūrongo whakamātautau taiwhanga CNAS mai i Haina.
Whakamutunga
182 Ngā Wāhanga Kua Hangaia, te Tūāpapa o tētahi Tāone Hou, Hou Ehara te kaupapa Tāone Hou o Tashkent i te hoko puni rangitahi noa iho, engari he whakaaturanga ā-motu o te awhi a Uzbekistan i te hanganga ahumahi, ngā mahi matomato me te iti-waro, me te tuku whai hua. Ko ngā waeine wāhanga maitai kua hangaia ki te matao 182 he hua o te hangarau hanga Hainamana me te māramatanga hohonu ki te mākete o Āhia Waenganui. Mai i ngā panera pakitara huruhuru toka ātete ahi (Akomanga A), ki te hoahoa hanganga ātete rū whenua 8-tohu me te whakamana 12-marama i raro i te FOB. E ai ki a Foshan, ko ngā taipitopito katoa hei whakautu i te pātai kotahi: me pēhea te whakapai ake i ngā puni kua hangaia ki tāwāhi mai i te "tauhou" ki te "aroaro-kounga"?
Wā tuku: 03-06-26