Igikoresho cyo gupakira ibintu birebire ni iki?
Ibikoresho bipakiye nezani amacumbi yateguwe mbere ashingiye ku makontenari cyangwa inkambi zoherezwa mu buryo bwo gupakira neza kandi zigateranywa aho hantu.
Ingero z'ikoreshwa: inkambi z'abakozi, amacumbi y'agateganyo, ibiro by'aho kontineri zikorera, amacumbi y'inzibacyuho, amacumbi ya gisirikare cyangwa ayihutirwa, n'ibindi.
Isesengura ry'Isoko ry'Ibikoresho Binini Binini
Ibyo ukwiye kwitondera mu gihe uhitamo amakambi y'abakozi bo mu mushinga wawe:
| Uri mu ruhe rwego? | Uri nde? | Icyo ukeneye | Ibipimo by'ingenzi byo kugura |
| Imishinga y'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, peteroli na gaze, ibikorwa remezo | Ibigo binini biyobora ahantu hatandukanye: ibikorwa by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, gucukura, imiyoboro y'amazi, ibikorwa remezo binini | Amacumbi y'abakozi/abakozi, ibiro by'aho bakorera, aho banywera, amavuriro, amahugurwa n'ibindi | Kuramba, koroshya gutwara, umuvuduko wo gushyiraho, kubungabunga, kubahiriza amategeko y'umutekano |
| Ibigo by'ubwubatsi / EPCs | Ibigo bikora imihanda, ingomero, inganda z'amashanyarazi, inyubako nini n'ibindi, akenshi mu turere twa kure cyangwa dutandukanye | Inkambi z'abakozi, ibiro by'agateganyo, rimwe na rimwe amazu ahoraho yo gufasha | Igihe cyo kuyobora, ikiguzi, uburyo bwo gukoresha modulasiyo, ubushobozi bwo kongera gukoresha cyangwa kwimura modulasiyo, kwemeza no gukurikiza amategeko y'ibanze, igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibanze |
| Guverinoma n'Inzego za Leta | Inzego z'igihugu cyangwa iz'uturere zikeneye amacumbi, ubutabazi bw'ibiza, amashuri/amavuriro yo mu turere twa kure, amacumbi ya polisi cyangwa ay'igisirikare | Gushyirwa mu bikorwa byihuse, ikiguzi/inyungu, kuramba, umutekano n'amahame, kwemerwa n'abaturage, rimwe na rimwe ubwiza | Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko, igenamigambi, ikiguzi cy'ubuzima, ubushobozi bwo kugabanya, inzitizi z'amafaranga |
| Imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta / Ubutabazi bw'ikiremwamuntu / Ubutabazi bw'ibiza | Inzego za Loni, Croix-Rouge / Croix-Rouge n'ibindi, hamwe n'imiryango idaharanira inyungu yo mu gace | Icumbi ry'abakuwe mu byabo, inkambi zihutirwa, ibigo nderabuzima mu gihe cy'ibiza | Gutanga serivisi byihuse, gutwara abantu, gushyiraho ibintu bike, ku giciro gito, kuramba, kurwanya ikirere gikabije / imikorere ikabije, koroshya gutwara no gusana, rimwe na rimwe kongera gukoreshwa/gushushanya neza impunzi |
| Amazu ahendutse / Amazu y'imibereho myiza | Guverinoma, ibigo by’iterambere ry’imiturire, abashinzwe kubaka amazu bafite amikoro make | Amazu ahoraho cyangwa ahoraho ku miryango ikennye; ubucucike, ikiguzi, umuvuduko, n'uburyo bwo gutura | Igiciro kuri metero kare / kuri buri gice, ikirere/uburyo ibintu birambye byo mu gace, ibikorwa remezo (amazi, ingufu), kwemerwa n'abaturage, ubuziranenge, kurangiza, kubahiriza amategeko |
| Ubukerarugendo / Amahoteli | Amacumbi, amacumbi, inkambi zo kwimukira kure, glamping, amacumbi y'abakozi b'igihe runaka | Igishushanyo mbonera cyihariye, ubwiza, ihumure, ubwiza, ariko birashoboka ko bitaramba igihe kirekire | Amahitamo yo gushushanya, ireme ry'irangizwa, imiyoboro y'amazi / HVAC, gushyira imbere mu nzu, ubunararibonye bw'umukoresha, ishusho y'ikirango, uko kigaragara n'uko giteye, rimwe na rimwe kugenda/guhindagurika mu gihe cy'umwaka. |
| Ibigo / Uburezi / Ubuvuzi | Amashuri, amavuriro, ibitaro bikeneye kwagurwa, amashami ya kure | Amacumbi, amavuriro, ibyumba by'amashuri, inyubako zifasha | Amahame ngenderwaho, umutekano, isuku, ihumure, koroshya kwaguka, amategeko agenga akarere, ireme ry'ibidukikije mu nzu |
Kuki hari amakontena apakiye neza?
Ni iki gituma umukiriya ashaka amakambi yo gutekamo ibikoresho bito (flat-pack)?
Umuvuduko w'inyubako:Ibikoresho bikozwe mu buryo bwa "flat-pack" cyangwa "prefab" bishobora kwihutisha cyane imirimo yo kubaka. Icy'ingenzi cyane mu guhangana n'ibibazo byihutirwa/ibiza cyangwa iyo imishinga iri ku gihe gito.
Kuzigama ikiguzi:Abakozi bake aho bakorera, imyanda mike. Inganda zikozwe neza zo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu buryo bugezweho zishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cy'imizigo ugereranije n'izakozwe neza.
Guhuza/Guhindagurika:Kura, wimuke, ongera ukoreshe. Nurangiza ingando, wimukire ku wundi mushinga.
Ibikoresho n'uburyo bwo kuba kure:Inkambi nyinshi ziri ahantu hatandukanye cyangwa hagoye kuhagera (ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ibikorwa remezo byo ku mipaka, ahantu hakorerwa ibiza). Inkambi zisanzwe zoroshye kohereza/gutwara mu bice bimwe na bimwe.
Ubuziranenge n'igenzura ry'uruganda:bwiza kurushaho, ibintu bitunguranye bike ku kazi (ikirere, itandukaniro ry'abakozi).
Ibisabwa mu mabwiriza n'umutekano:Kandi uko amategeko agenga imibereho myiza y'abakozi n'ibiza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, n'ibindi, agenda arushaho kwiyongera, ibice by'ibanze byujuje amategeko birarushaho gukurura.”
Kubungabunga ibidukikije n'iterambere ry'ubukungu:Gukoresha ibikoresho neza, gutakaza amafaranga make, ndetse akenshi no gukoresha neza ingufu. Nanone, abashoramari n'abashoramari barasaba ko ibidukikije birushaho kuba byiza mu nzego za leta.
Ikiguzi cy'umurimo/ibikoresho. Abakozi b'abahanga barahenze cyangwa ni bake mu bihugu byinshi; prefab igabanya gukenera abakozi aho bakorera.
Icyo ugomba kwitaho mu gihe uhitamo inkambi zigenewe abakoresha ibikoresho byabugenewe
Igiciro cyose cy'umutungo– si amafaranga yo kugura/kwimura gusa ahubwo anajyanye no gushyiraho, kubungabunga, kuramba, ikiguzi cy'ingufu, n'ubuzima bwose.
Kwizerwa kw'igihe cy'umusanzu n'uburyo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa:umuvuduko wo gutanga no guteranya; ukwizerwa kw'ibice; ibibazo bya gasutamo/ibitumizwa mu mahanga.
Ubwikorezi n'ibijyanye n'ubwikorezi:ingano, ipaki isanzwe bigabanya ingano y'ubwikorezi, uburemere, uburyo bwo kugera, ubwiza bw'umuhanda n'uburyo bwo gutwara ibicuruzwa mu gihugu imbere mu bice bya kure.
Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko n'ibyemezo by'inzego z'ibanze:amategeko agenga inyubako, umutekano/ubushyuhe/ubwuzuzanye bw'ikirere, rimwe na rimwe butuma
Guhindura ibintu ugereranije no gupima ibintu mu buryo busanzwe:Ese ukeneye imiterere yihariye, urugero nk'ubwiherero, igikoni, cyangwa ubuvuzi, cyangwa uzishimira ibikoresho bisanzwe?
Ihumure n'ibikoresho:ahantu heza ho gukingira, guhumeka, amazi, amashanyarazi n'amatara ku bakozi cyangwa igihe kirekire.
Kuramba no kubungabunga:kurwanya ikirere, gusana, ibisigaye, no gukomera.
Serivisi n'ubufasha nyuma yo kugurisha:garanti, ibikoresho bisimbura ibindi, ubufasha mu bya tekiniki, nibindi.
Uburyo bwo kwaguka no kongera gukoreshwa:ubushobozi bwo kwagura cyangwa kwimura inkambi, kongera gukoresha modules, no guhindura.
Ni uruhe rwego rwiza rwo gushyiramo amakontenari adafite ipatanti?
Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agacironaInkambi z'amikoro:ahantu hatandukanye, abakozi benshi, bakeneye imibereho myiza.
Ubwubatsinanjyeibigo by'ibikorwa remezo - imishinga minini ifite inkambi z'abakozi ba kure cyangwa ab'igihe gito, nk'imihanda, amazi, imiyoboro y'amazi, amashanyarazi, n'ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa.
UbugiranezanaUbutabazi ku ibizaAmazu – Icumbi ry’abadafite aho baba riterwa n’ibiza, amakimbirane n’ibindi.
Imiturire ya Leta– Aho hari ikibazo cy’ibura ry’amazu, za leta zishobora gukoresha inyubako zibanza kugira ngo zongere umuvuduko w’inyubako.
Inkambi z'igihembwenaubukerarugendo bwa kurehoteli- Igishushanyo mbonera gishobora kwaguka kandi gishobora kongera gukoreshwa kugira ngo gikoreshwe neza, gishushanye, kandi kigire ubwiza
Imbogamizi ku miturire y’Abashinwa mu buryo buciriritse
Ingaruka zishobora kugabanywa mu kwinjiza amakontenari mu Bushinwa ni izi zikurikira:
Imisoro/amahoro y'ubwikorezi n'ibitumizwa mu mahanga:ibiciro bishobora kwiyongera cyane.
Kwemerwa mu muco/mu mibereho myiza:Amazu y’amakontena akoreshwa mu buryo bwa "flat-packed containers" rimwe na rimwe ashobora kuba afite icyubahiro gito kandi akarwanywa mu micungire y’amazu.
Ingwate nyuma yo kugurisha/gusana no gutanga garanti:ingese, kwangirika k'urukuta, kwangirika kw'ubushyuhe, n'ibindi.
Ni iki ubona mu mazu y’amazu asanzwe?
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibijyanye n'ubwikorezi:ipaki yoroheje ku giciro gito cyo kohereza, yoroheje aho bishoboka
Serivisi zihujwe:igishushanyo mbonera, gutanga, inkunga yo guteranya, kubungabungwa bishoboka no kugabanya ibikoresho
Suzuma amategeko agenga umutekano, ubushyuhe, ikirere n'inkongi y'umuriro, cyane cyane mu duce dushyuha, dukonje, dukonje cyangwa duterwa n'imitingito.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'uburyo bwa modular/scale kugira ngo gishobore gukura/kwimura ibice
Ibikoresho biramba, gukoresha neza ingufu, ubushyuhe bwiza, wenda ibikoresho by'izuba cyangwa ibikoresho bitari ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi
Ni ibihe bihugu byujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo umuntu ahitemo inkambi z’amacumbi zikozwe mu buryo bwa “flat pack”?
1.Afurika
Nijeriya, Angola, Mozambike→Ibigo bya peteroli na gaze, imishinga yo mu nyanja no mu nkengero z'inyanja, iterambere ry'imiyoboro y'amazi n'amashanyarazi ya LNG.
Afurika y'Epfo, Botswana, na RDC →hakenewe imijyi iri kure y'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'inkambi nini z'ubwubatsi.
Etiyopiya, Somaliya, Sudani, Sudani y'Epfo→Icumbi ry'abakiriya/impunzi, inkambi z'abimuwe mu byabo, ibisabwa ku baterankunga.
Afurika y'Amajyaruguru, Misiri, Maroc, na Alijeriya→Ibura ry'ibikorwa remezo, gahunda za leta n'imishinga y'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro.
Zimbabwe, Zambiya→ Inkambi zicukura amabuye y'agaciro ya nikeli, lithiyumu, umuringa.
2. Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati
Arabiya Sawudite, UAE, Katari -> Amacumbi y'abakozi b'ubwubatsi, imishinga y'imurikagurisha/inini, peteroli na gaze.
Iraki, Irani → Inkambi mu bicuruzwa bya peteroli, ba rwiyemezamirimo ba EPC bakeneye gahunda zo gutura mu buryo buhendutse.
Yemeni, Siriya, Libani → Amacumbi y'ubutabazi n'impunzi,
3. Aziya
Ubushinwa → uruganda runini rwa prefab; inkambi z'abakozi bo mu gihugu; ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga.
Ubuhinde → inkambi z'abakozi n'amazu ahendutse mu gihe ibikorwa remezo bitera imbere
Bangaladeshi, Pakisitani → ubutabazi bw'impunzi/ibiza, n'inkambi z'imyenda/inganda.
Filipine, Indoneziya → Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, imitingito, n'uturere twibasirwa n'inkubi z'umuyaga, amacumbi y'abakozi.
4. Uburayi
Uburusiya na CIS → Ibikoresho bya peteroli, gaze, inkambi z'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ahantu hatandukanye ho kubaka
Uburayi bw'Iburasirazuba → Ibiro bya gisirikare/NATO, amacumbi y'impunzi, imishinga y'amazu ahendutse
5. Amerika
Kanada→ Inkambi z'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, umucanga wa peteroli, abayobozi mu bwubatsi bw'uburyo butandukanye.
Amerika → Amazu yo gufasha abahuye n'ibiza (FEMA), ibirindiro bya gisirikare, amazu yo kubamo ahubakwa.
Brezili, Shili, Peru → Inkambi z'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, imishinga y'ibikorwa remezo.
Karayibe → ahantu ho gucumbikira inkubi y'umuyaga no gufasha abahuye n'ibiza
6.Oseyaniya
Ositaraliya → Inkambi y'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, inkambi z'abakozi ba kure, icumbi ry'ahantu hasanzwe.
Papua Nouvelle-Guinée → Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro/O&G, ahantu ho gukambika umushinga kure;
Ibirwa bya Pasifika → Gukira kw'inkubi y'umuyaga, ubutabazi bw'ibiza, icumbi ry'agateganyo.
Umwanzuro
Inzu zikozwe mu masanduku y’ibikoresho biri mu masanduku y’ibikoresho biri kuba kimwe mu bisubizo byiza kandi bihendutse ku bikenewe mu bwubatsi bw’igihe gito n’ubw’igihe gito. Inyubako zikozwe mu masanduku y’ibikoresho zifite ibyiza byinshi nko gushyiraho vuba, kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gutwara ibintu, imiterere y’ibikoresho byoroshye, n’inyubako zishobora kongera gukoreshwa. Zikoreshwa cyane mu nkambi z’ubwubatsi, mu macumbi y’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, mu mishinga ya peteroli na gaze, mu nkambi za gisirikare, mu mashuri, mu bitaro no mu macumbi y’ubutabazi ku isi yose.
Mu gihe isi yose ikeneye kubaka vuba kandi mu buryo burambye, ingando zisanzwe zirimo kuba igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibikorwa remezo binini n'imishinga y'abakozi ba kure. Guverinoma n'ibigo byo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati na Afurika, Amerika y'Epfo n'Aziya y'Amajyepfo ubu barimo gushaka ibisubizo by'amacumbi asanzwe kugira ngo banoze imikorere myiza y'imishinga no kugabanya igihe cy'ubwubatsi.
Guhitamoutanga inyubako zigezweho kandi zizwiho ubuhangaNi ingenzi cyane kugira ngo inyubako zigire ubuziranenge, ubushyuhe bukingira, umutekano w'inkongi, kandi zirambe igihe kirekire. Gukomeza guhanga udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ubwubatsi bukoresha uburyo bwa modular bigomba gutuma inzu y'ibikoresho binini ikomeza kuba ingenzi mu gihe kizaza cy'ubwubatsi ku isi no mu macumbi y'abakozi.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 19-05-26