Isoko ry’inyubako zikozwe mbere ku isi rizagera kuri miliyari 153.7 z’amadolari mu 2026. Amazu akozwe mbere, amazu akozwe mbere ni ayo yubatswe hifashishijwe ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi byakozwe mbere.
Ibi bikoresho by'ubwubatsi bikorerwa mu nyubako, hanyuma bigatwarwa aho byifuzwa aho biteranyirizwa. Amazu yubatswe mbere ni uruvange rw'amazu gakondo n'ikoranabuhanga. Kandi nibura 70% by'inyubako zubatswe mbere zizwi nka modular house. Ibi bituma gukata, gutwara no kubaka aya mazu byoroha. Ugereranyije n'amazu gakondo, amazu yubatswe mbere arahendutse, araramba kandi asa neza. Ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bikoreshwa mu kubaka amazu yubatswe mbere bishyirwa mu byiciro bya sima n'iby'icyuma.
Mu gihe cy’icyorezo cya COVID-19, isoko ry’inyubako zakozwe mbere ku isi riteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 106.1 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu mwaka wa 2020, riteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 153.7 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2026.
Isoko ry’inyubako zakozwe mbere muri Amerika ribarirwa kuri miliyari 20.2 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu mwaka wa 2021. Iki gihugu ubu gifite imigabane ya 18.3% ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Ubushinwa, igihugu cya kabiri ku isi mu bukungu, biteganijwe ko kizagera ku isoko ringana na miliyari 38.2 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu mwaka wa 2026, kikazagera kuri CAGR ya 7.9% mu gihe cy’isesengura. Mu yandi masoko akomeye y’isi harimo Ubuyapani na Kanada, buri soko riteganijwe kwiyongera kuri 4.9% na 5.1% mu gihe cy’isesengura. Mu Burayi, Ubudage buteganijwe kwiyongera kuri CAGR ya 5.5% mu gihe andi masoko y’i Burayi (nk’uko byasobanuwe mu bushakashatsi) azagera kuri miliyari 41.4 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu mpera z’igihe cy’isesengura.
Byongeye kandi, guhera mu 2021, isoko ry’ishoramari ryakoreshejwe mbere y’igihe ryakomeje kwiyongera, kandi urwego rw’imari n’imigabane rwayoboye kandi rukurikiza urugero mu bigo by’imbere mu gihugu by’Ubushinwa.
Isesengura ry’ubushobozi riturutse mu nzego z’ishoramari n’imari ryemeza ko muri iki gihe, ubwo inganda z’Ubushinwa zageze mu bice byose bya sosiyete (nk’imodoka zifite impuzandengo y’ibice birenga 20.000 n’ibice byazo byamaze kuba inganda, ndetse na resitora z’Abashinwa zifite inzira zigoye zo gukora n’ibiryo bikungahaye ku nganda zamaze kuba inganda), Igitekerezo cy’ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya - imitako yateguwe kirushaho kwemerwa n’imari, kandi inganda zo gushushanya mu 2021 zirimo gutera imbere vuba mu cyerekezo cya Inganda 4.0.
Iyi mitako mishya y'ikoranabuhanga ry'isoko ry'inyanja y'ubururu (imitako yo guteranya), atari ukubera gusa ubushobozi bunini bw'isoko, ahubwo no ku isoko rishya, amasoko mashya yazanye amahirwe mashya n'umwanya munini wo gutekereza ku gishoro.
Isoko ringana iki? Reka imibare yivugire ubwayo:
Bigaragara ko mu isesengura ry’amakuru, inganda zisanzwe z’ubwubatsi zikomeje gutera imbere cyane. Mu gihe ingamba zo kurwanya icyorezo ku isi ziteganijwe ko zizatera imbere mu 2021 kandi ubukungu bw’imbere mu gihugu burimo kwihuta, umuvuduko w’iterambere ry’inganda zisanzwe z’amazu witezweho kuba ushimishije cyane.
Birumvikana ko hari gushidikanya bizakurikiraho: isoko ni rinini cyane kandi umuvuduko w’iterambere uracyakomeje, inzu gakondo y’ubu iracyashyushye kandi umuraba nturagabanuka, kuki inzu yubatswe mbere ari yo ihinduka inzira ishyushye cyane mu nganda? Ni iyihe mpamvu ikomeye ibitera?
1.Ibisobanuro ku nganda:Abakozi bo mu nganda baragabanuka umwaka ku wundi
Dukurikije amakuru ya rubanda, umubare w’abakozi bose mu nyubako gakondo wiyongereye uva kuri miliyoni 11 mu 2005 ugera kuri miliyoni 16.3 mu 2016; ariko kuva mu 2017, umubare w’abakozi mu nganda watangiye kugabanuka. Mu mpera za 2018, umubare w’abakozi mu nganda wageze ku bantu 1.300 barenga 10.000.
2. Inyungu ku baturage mu bijyanye n'ubumenyi bw'inganda zirashira
Nkuko bigaragara ku ishusho iri hejuru, bigaragara ko abakozi bakomeje kugabanuka. Ni abakozi bangahe biteguye kwinjira mu nganda zisanzwe z'ubwubatsi mu gihe kizaza? Ibintu birababaje cyane.
Inyungu ku baturage zigenda zigabanuka uko umwaka utashye, kandi hari n'ikibazo gikomeye cy'uko abakozi bakomeza gusaza, kandi inyubako gakondo ni inganda zisanzwe zikoresha abakozi benshi.
Mu mitako gakondo isanzwe, buri hantu ho gushushanya ni ahantu hato ho gukorera, kandi ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa buterwa n'ubukorikori bw'abakozi b'ubwubatsi muri buri gikorwa nko mu mazi, amashanyarazi, ibiti, amatafari n'amavuta.
Kuva ku mitako gakondo kugeza ku mitako ya interineti yakuruye isoko mu myaka mike ishize, uburyo abakiriya b’ubucuruzi binjira mu isoko byahindutse (kuva kuri interineti kugeza kuri interineti), ariko mu by’ukuri, inzira n’amasano bya serivisi ntabwo byahindutse. , Buri nzira iracyashingiye ku bakozi basanzwe b’ubwubatsi, bifata igihe kinini, ifite amasano menshi, gufata ibyemezo bikomeye, n’inzira ndende. Ibi bibazo by’imbogamizi ntibyasubijwe inyuma cyane.
Muri iyo mimerere, inyubako yakozwe mbere ihindura uburyo bwo gukora yashyizeho uburyo bushya bwo gukora no gutanga serivisi. Birashoboka ukuntu bizabangamira cyane inganda zose.
3. Icyateguwe mbereinyubakoInkota y'ubushishozi mu nganda yerekeza ku mpinduka mu nganda
Ba rwiyemezamirimo benshi basuye inyubako z’Abayapani zakozwe mbere n’imitako bagaragaje ko Ubuyapani bwakoze inyubako zakozwe mbere cyane kandi zuzuye kurusha Ubushinwa, kandi bufite amahame n’uburyo bwo kuzishyira mu bikorwa mu bijyanye n’amahame y’inyubako n’amahame y’ibikoresho. Nk’umuryango ushaje uri mu gace gakunze kwibasirwa n’imitingito, Ubuyapani burimo guhura n’abaturage bashaje ndetse n’igabanuka rikomeye ry’abakozi b’inganda bazwi cyane kurusha abo mu Bushinwa muri iki gihe.
Ku rundi ruhande, mu Bushinwa, kuva aho imijyi itangiriye gutera imbere mu buryo bwihuse mu myaka ya 1990, umubare munini w'abakozi bimukira bagiye binjira muri uwo mujyi kugira ngo batange abakozi bahendutse bo gushushanya inyubako. Icyo gihe, ikoranabuhanga ryakozwe mbere ryari risigaye inyuma, kandi hari ibibazo byinshi by'ubuziranenge, byatumye igitekerezo cy'uko ibikoresho byakozwe mbere byibagirana igihe runaka.
Kuva mu 2012, bitewe n’izamuka ry’ikiguzi cy’abakozi n’igitekerezo cyo kubaka inganda, ubwoko bw’ibikoresho byakozwe mbere byashyigikiwe cyane na politiki z’igihugu, kandi iterambere ry’inganda ryakomeje kwiyongera.
Dukurikije "Gahunda ya 13 y'imyaka itanu" Gahunda y'ibikorwa by'inyubako zateguwe na Minisiteri y'Imiturire n'Iterambere ry'Imijyi n'Icyaro, bitarenze umwaka wa 2020, umubare w'inyubako zateguwe mu gihugu uzagera kuri 15% by'inyubako nshya. Muri 2021, politiki nshya zizakomeza gushyirwaho no gushyirwa mu bikorwa.
4.Ibisobanuro ku nganda Ni iki cyateguwe mbereinyubako?
Inyubako zikozwe mbere, izwi kandi nk'inyubako z'inganda. Mu 2017, "Amahame Ngenderwaho ya Tekiniki ku Nzu za Beto zikozwe mbere" na "Amahame Ngenderwaho ya Tekiniki ku Nzu z'Ibyuma zikozwe mbere" byatangajwe na Minisiteri y'Imiturire n'Iterambere ry'Imijyi n'Icyaro byasobanuye neza imitako ikozwe mbere, ni ukuvuga uburyo bwo gushyiramo buhuriweho buvuga ikoreshwa ry'uburyo bw'ubwubatsi bwumye kugira ngo hashyirwe ibice by'imbere bikorerwa mu ruganda aho bikorerwa.
Imitako yakozwe mbere ifite ibitekerezo by’inganda ku bijyanye n’igishushanyo mbonera gisanzwe, umusaruro ukozwe mu nganda, ubwubatsi bukozwe mbere, no guhuza amakuru.
(1) Uburyo bwo kubaka bwumye ni ukwirinda ibikorwa bitose nko kugabanya gypsum putty, kugabanya mortier, no guhuza mortier bikoreshwa mu buryo gakondo bwo gushariza, ahubwo hagakoreshwa bolts, supports, kole z'imiterere n'ubundi buryo kugira ngo hagerwe ku miterere y'inkunga n'ihuza.
(2) Umuyoboro utandukanijwe n'inyubako, ni ukuvuga ko ibikoresho n'imiyoboro bitarashyingurwa mu nyubako y'inzu, ahubwo byuzuzwa icyuho kiri hagati y'inkuta esheshatu z'amazu yakoreshejwe n'inyubako ishyigikira.
(3) Guhuza ibice Guhuza ibice byihariye ni uguhuza ibice byinshi bitatanye n'ibikoresho mu kinyabuzima kimwe binyuze mu gutanga ibikoresho byihariye, no kugera ku bwubatsi bwumye mu gihe binoza imikorere, byoroshye gutanga no guteranya. Guhindura ibice bishimangira ko nubwo imitako yakozwe mbere ari umusaruro w’inganda, iracyakeneye guhuza uburyo bwihariye bwo kuyitunganya, kugira ngo hirindwe ko itunganywa ry’ibanze rikorerwa aho hantu.
5.Byakozwe mbereinyubako"ahantu hanini ho gukorera uruganda n'ahantu horoshye" h'ubumenyi bw'inganda
(1) Witondere aho igishushanyo mbonera n'ubwubatsi biherereye mbere.
Mbere y’icyiciro cyo gushushanya, ni ukunoza cyane ibisabwa mu bushobozi bwo gushushanya kugira ngo hubakwe imiterere n’imitako by’inyubako. Igenamiterere ry’amakuru ku bwubatsi (BIM) ni igikoresho cy’ingenzi cy’inyongera mu bwubatsi bw’igishushanyo mbonera gihuriweho. Ku bigo bifite ikoranabuhanga rya tekiniki muri BIM, bizashobora kugaragaza neza inyungu zabyo mu irushanwa ry’inganda zikora imitako.
Mbere y'icyiciro cyo kubaka, kubaka hamwe n'inyubako nyamukuru. Mu buryo gakondo bwo gushushanya, imirimo yose yo kubaka irangirira aho hantu, mu gihe imitako yakozwe mbere igabanya imirimo y'ubwubatsi bw'umwimerere mo ibice bibiri: gukora ibice by'uruganda no gushyiraho aho hantu. Ugereranije n'uburyo gakondo.
(2) Ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge
Inyubako yakozwe mbere igabanya inyubako gakondo mo ibice bitandukanye, kandi ikigo gishinzwe imitako gitanga amahitamo menshi kuri buri gice, bityo bigatuma habaho uburyo bwihariye bwo kuyihindura, bityo guhitamo ibicuruzwa bikaba "byinshi".
Ibice bikorerwa mu ruganda kandi bigashyirwa aho bikorerwa gusa. Ubuhanga bwo gushushanya burarushaho kwiyongera, ingaruka z'ibintu bikorerwa n'abantu ziragabanuka cyane, ubwiza bw'imitako biroroha kwemeza, kandi ubwiza bw'ibice burushaho kuba bwiza kandi buringaniye.
(3)Ibikorwa byose birushaho kuba byiza ku bidukikije no ku buzima.
Nk’ibikoresho, ibice byateguwe mbere byose bikorerwa mu ruganda, nta gikorwa cyo gutose gikoreshwa, kandi ibikoresho birushaho kurengera ibidukikije kandi bifite ubuzima bwiza.
Ahantu ho kubaka ni ahagenewe gusa gushyiraho ibice, byose byubatswe n’ubwubatsi bwumye nta gutunganya ubwa kabiri. Kubwibyo, igihe cyo kubaka kiragabanuka cyane ugereranije n’uburyo busanzwe. Ibi ni ko bimeze mu kuvugurura hoteli zo mu mujyi za mbere n’iza kabiri, kuvugurura ibiro vuba, no kugurisha byinshi mu mishinga y’amazu n’amazu. Ibintu byiza bishimishije cyane, kandi ukurikije uko umukiriya azakoresha mu gihe kizaza, niba imitako n’ivugurura ry’inzu mu gihe kizaza, ibikoresho bibungabunga ibidukikije, ari byiza kandi umuvuduko w’inyubako ukaba mwiza cyane, ni gute bitarushaho gukundwa n’umukiriya?
6.IIbitekerezo ku nganda bigaragaza ko ingano y'isoko izarenga100miliyariUSD
Dukurikije uburyo bwo kubara bujyanye n’ibyo, biteganyijwe ko isoko ry’inyubako z’ibanze mu Bushinwa rizagera kuri miliyari 100 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu 2025, aho igipimo cy’izamuka ry’inyubako ku mwaka kizaba 38.26%.
Ingano y'isoko irenga miliyari 100 z'amadolari y'Amerika. Hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga rishya rinini, ni iyihe sosiyete ishobora gukora neza kurusha izindi zose ikayobora iterambere ry'inganda?
Muri rusange, inganda zumva ko ibigo binini bihuriweho gusa bifiteubushobozi bwo gushushanya ku rwego rwo hejuru (ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwo gushyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho mu gihugu, mu nzego z'ibanze, no mu nganda), ubushobozi bwo gushushanya no gukora ubushakashatsi n'iterambere, ikoranabuhanga rya BIM, ubushobozi bwo gukora ibice no kubitanga, naubushobozi bwo guhugura abakozi bo mu ngandaishobora kuba muri uru rwego. Igaragare neza mu ikoranabuhanga rishya.
Igitangaje ni uko amazu ya GS ari aya sosiyete ihuriweho n'ibigo bitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 14-03-22