Msika Wapadziko Lonse Wanyumba Zomangidwa Kale Udzafika $153.7 Biliyoni pofika chaka cha 2026. Nyumba zomangidwa kale, ndi nyumba zomangidwa kale ndi zomwe zamangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomangira zomwe zakonzedwa kale.
Zipangizo zomangira izi zimakonzedwa kale pamalo ofunikira, kenako zimanyamulidwa kupita kumalo omwe amafunidwa kumene zimasonkhanitsidwa. Nyumba zomangidwa kale ndi kuphatikiza nyumba zachikhalidwe ndi ukadaulo. Ndipo osachepera 70% ya nyumba zomangidwa kale zimadziwika kuti nyumba zomangidwa kale. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kugawa, kunyamula ndi kumanga nyumbazi zikhale zosavuta. Poyerekeza ndi nyumba zachikhalidwe, nyumba zomangidwa kale zimakhala zotsika mtengo, zokhazikika komanso zowoneka bwino. Zipangizo zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyumba zomangidwa kale zimagawidwa m'magulu a konkriti ndi zopangidwa ndi chitsulo.
Pakati pa vuto la COVID-19, msika wapadziko lonse wa Nyumba Zokonzedwa kale womwe ukuyembekezeka kufika pa US$106.1 Biliyoni mu chaka cha 2020, ukuyembekezeka kufika pa US$153.7 Biliyoni pofika chaka cha 2026.
Msika wa Nyumba Zokonzedweratu ku US ukuyembekezeka kufika pa US$20.2 Biliyoni mu chaka cha 2021. Pakadali pano dzikolo lili ndi gawo la 18.3% pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi. China, dziko lachiwiri padziko lonse lapansi, likuyembekezeka kufika pa msika wa US$38.2 Biliyoni mu chaka cha 2026 pambuyo pa CAGR ya 7.9% munthawi yonse yowunikira. Pakati pa misika ina yodziwika bwino ya malo ndi Japan ndi Canada, iliyonse ikuyembekezeka kukula pa 4.9% ndi 5.1% motsatana munthawi yonse yowunikira. Ku Europe, Germany ikuyembekezeka kukula pa CAGR pafupifupi 5.5% pomwe msika wina wonse waku Europe (monga momwe tafotokozera mu kafukufukuyu) udzafika pa US$41.4 Biliyoni pofika kumapeto kwa nthawi yowunikira.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuyambira mu 2021, msika wogulitsa zinthu zokonzedwa kale wakhala ukukulirakulira, ndipo gawo la ndalama lakhala likutsogolera ndikutsatira zomwezo m'makampani opanga zinthu zokonzedwa kale ku China.
Kusanthula kovomerezeka kuchokera ku mabungwe azachuma ndi ndalama kukukhulupirira kuti masiku ano, pamene chitukuko cha mafakitale ku China chalowa m'mbali zonse za anthu (monga magalimoto okhala ndi zida ndi zinthu zoposa 20,000 apangidwa kale kukhala mafakitale, ndipo ngakhale malo odyera aku China okhala ndi njira zovuta zopangira ndi zakudya zolemera apangidwa kukhala mafakitale), Lingaliro la kukongoletsa ukadaulo - kukongoletsa kokonzedwa kale likudziwika kwambiri ndi ndalama, ndipo makampani okongoletsa mu 2021 akukula mofulumira motsatira Industry 4.0.
Kukongoletsa kwatsopano kwa ukadaulo wa msika wa nyanja yabuluu (kukongoletsa kosonkhanitsa), osati kokha pansi pa ziyembekezo zazikulu za kubwerera kwabwino pamsika, komanso msika watsopano, magawo atsopano a msika adabweretsa mwayi watsopano ndi malo akuluakulu oganizira za ndalama.
Kodi msika ndi waukulu bwanji? Tiyeni manambala adzilankhulire okha:
Kusanthula deta kukuwonetsa kuti makampani omanga nyumba zachikhalidwe akadali ndi chitukuko champhamvu. Pa nthawi yomwe miliri yapadziko lonse ikuyembekezeka kukwera mu 2021 ndipo chuma cha m'dziko chikukwera mofulumira, kukula kwa makampani omanga nyumba zachikhalidwe kukuyembekezeka kukhala kokopa chidwi kwambiri.
Zachidziwikire, kukayikira kwina kudzatsatira mosakayikira: msika ndi waukulu kwambiri ndipo kukula kwa nyumba kukupitirira, nyumba yachikhalidwe ya masiku ano ikadali yotentha ndipo mafunde sanathe, nchifukwa chiyani nyumba yomangidwa kale ikukhala njira yoyaka kwambiri mumakampani? Kodi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chilipo ndi chiyani?
1.Chidziwitso cha Makampani:Ogwira Ntchito Zamakampani Akuchepa Chaka ndi Chaka
Malinga ndi deta ya anthu onse, chiwerengero chonse cha ogwira ntchito m'nyumba zachikhalidwe chinawonjezeka kuchoka pa 11 miliyoni mu 2005 kufika pa 16.3 miliyoni mu 2016; koma kuyambira 2017, chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito m'makampani chinayamba kuchepa. Pofika kumapeto kwa 2018, chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito m'makampani chinafika pa 1,300, anthu oposa 10,000.
2. Kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chidziwitso cha mafakitale kumachepa
Monga momwe chithunzi chili pamwambapa chikusonyezera, zikuwoneka kuti chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito chikupitirira kuchepa. Kodi ndi antchito angati omwe ali okonzeka kulowa mumakampani omanga nyumba zachikhalidwe mtsogolomu? Mkhalidwewu ndi woipa kwambiri.
Kuchuluka kwa anthu m'magawo a anthu kukuchepa chaka ndi chaka, ndipo palinso vuto lenileni la kukalamba kosalekeza kwa antchito, ndipo kumanga nyumba zachikhalidwe ndi bizinesi yodziwika bwino yokhala ndi antchito ambiri.
Mu zokongoletsera zachikhalidwe zonyowa, malo aliwonse okongoletsera amakhala malo ogwirira ntchito ang'onoang'ono opangira zinthu, ndipo ubwino wa zinthuzo umadalira luso la ogwira ntchito yomanga pa ntchito iliyonse monga madzi, magetsi, matabwa, matailosi, ndi mafuta.
Kuyambira pa zokongoletsa zachikhalidwe mpaka pa zokongoletsa za pa intaneti zomwe zidakopa chidwi cha msika m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, momwe makasitomala otsatsa malonda adasinthira (kuchokera pa intaneti kupita pa intaneti), koma kwenikweni, njira ndi maulalo a mautumiki sizinasinthe kwambiri. , Njira iliyonse imadalirabe ogwira ntchito zomangamanga zachikhalidwe, zomwe zimatenga nthawi yambiri, zimakhala ndi maulalo ambiri, zisankho zovuta, komanso njira zazitali. Mavuto oletsa izi sanasinthe kwenikweni.
Pazifukwa zotere, nyumba yomangidwa kale yomwe imasintha mwachindunji njira zopangira yapanga njira yatsopano yopangira ndi kutumikira. N'zotheka kuti izi zidzasokoneza kwambiri makampani onse.
3. Chopangidwa kalenyumbalupanga la chidziwitso cha mafakitale limatanthauza kusintha kwa mafakitale
Amalonda ambiri omwe adayendera nyumba zokonzedwa kale ku Japan ndi zokongoletsera adati Japan yapanga nyumba zokonzedwa kale kwambiri komanso zodzaza bwino kuposa China, ndipo ili ndi miyezo yokhazikika komanso njira zokhazikitsira malinga ndi miyezo yomanga ndi miyezo ya zinthu. Monga anthu okalamba omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha zivomerezi, Japan ikukumana ndi anthu okalamba komanso kuchepa kwakukulu kwa antchito amafakitale omwe ndi otchuka kwambiri kuposa omwe ali ku China masiku ano.
Kumbali ina, ku China, kuyambira pomwe mizinda idakula mofulumira m'zaka za m'ma 1990, anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito ochokera kumayiko ena adalowa mumzindawu kuti akapereke antchito otsika mtengo okongoletsa nyumba. Panthawiyo, ukadaulo wopangira zinthu zakale unali wocheperako, ndipo panali mavuto ambiri abwino, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti lingaliro loti zinthu zakale ziiwalike kwakanthawi.
Kuyambira mu 2012, chifukwa cha kukwera kwa ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso lingaliro la mafakitale a nyumba, mtundu wopangidwa kale wakhala ukuthandizidwa kwambiri ndi mfundo za dziko, ndipo chitukuko cha makampanichi chikupitirirabe kutentha.
Malinga ndi "Pulani ya Zaka Zisanu ya 13" Yokonzekera Kumanga Nyumba ya Unduna wa Nyumba ndi Chitukuko cha Mizinda ndi Kumidzi, pofika chaka cha 2020, chiwerengero cha nyumba zomwe zakonzedwa kale mdziko muno chidzafika pa 15% ya nyumba zatsopano. Mu 2021, mfundo zatsopano zambiri zipitiliza kuyambitsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
4.Chidziwitso cha Makampani Chomwe chimapangidwa kalenyumba?
Nyumba yomangidwa kale, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti nyumba zamafakitale. Mu 2017, "Miyezo Yaukadaulo ya Nyumba Zomangidwa kale za Konkriti" ndi "Miyezo Yaukadaulo ya Nyumba Zomangidwa kale za Zitsulo" zomwe zidalengezedwa ndi Unduna wa Nyumba ndi Chitukuko cha Mizinda ndi Kumidzi zidafotokoza momveka bwino zokongoletsera zokonzedwa kale, ndi njira yophatikizira yokhazikitsira yomwe imatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zomangira zouma kuti ziyike ziwalo zamkati zopangidwa ndi fakitale pamalopo.
Zokongoletsera zokonzedwa kale zimakhala ndi malingaliro a mafakitale monga kapangidwe kokhazikika, kupanga zinthu zopangidwa kale, kumanga zinthu zopangidwa kale, komanso kugwirizanitsa zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso.
(1) Njira yomangira youma ndi kupewa ntchito zonyowa monga kulinganiza gypsum putty, kulinganiza matope, ndi kulumikiza matope zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zachikhalidwe zokongoletsera, ndipo m'malo mwake gwiritsani ntchito mabolts a nangula, zothandizira, zomatira zomangira ndi njira zina kuti mukwaniritse kapangidwe ka Support ndi kulumikizana.
(2) Paipiyo imalekanitsidwa ndi nyumbayo, ndiko kuti, zida ndi mapaipi sizimayikidwa kale m'nyumbayo, koma zimadzazidwa ndi mpata pakati pa makoma asanu ndi limodzi a nyumba zokonzedweratu ndi nyumba yothandizira.
(3) Kuphatikiza zigawo Kuphatikiza zigawo zomwe zasinthidwa ndi makonda ndikuphatikiza zigawo ndi zinthu zambiri zobalalika mu chinthu chimodzi kudzera muzinthu zinazake zopangira, ndikukwaniritsa zomangamanga zouma pomwe zikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, zomwe ndizosavuta kupereka ndikusonkhanitsa. Kusintha magawo kumatsimikizira kuti ngakhale zokongoletsera zomwe zakonzedwa kale ndi zopangidwa ndi mafakitale, zimafunikabe kukwaniritsa zomwe zasinthidwa ndi makonda, kuti tipewe kukonza kwina pamalopo.
5.Yokonzedwa kalenyumbaya "malo olemera a fakitale ndi malo opepuka" a chidziwitso cha mafakitale
(1) Samalani ndi malo okonzedweratu a kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe kake.
Gawo lokonzekera lisanafike ndikuwongolera kwambiri zofunikira pakupanga mapangidwe kuti pakhale kuphatikiza kapangidwe ka nyumba ndi zokongoletsera. Kupanga Chidziwitso cha Zomangamanga (BIM) ndi chida chofunikira chothandizira pakupanga mapangidwe ophatikizika. Kwa mabizinesi omwe ali ndi luso losonkhanitsa BIM, azitha kuwonetsa bwino zabwino zawo pampikisano wamakampani okongoletsa omwe adakonzedwa kale.
Pambuyo pa gawo lomanga, kumanga pamodzi ndi nyumba yaikulu. Mu njira yachikhalidwe yokongoletsera, ntchito zonse zomanga zimamalizidwa pamalopo, pomwe zokongoletsera zomwe zakonzedwa kale zimagawa ntchito yomanga yoyambirira m'magawo awiri: kupanga zida za fakitale ndi kukhazikitsa pamalopo. Poyerekeza ndi njira yachikhalidwe.
(2) Zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri
Nyumba yokonzedweratu imagawa nyumba yachikhalidwe m'zigawo zosiyanasiyana, ndipo kampani yokongoletsa imapereka njira zingapo pa gawo lililonse, motero kupanga mawonekedwe apadera mu muyezo, kotero kusankha kwa zinthu kumakhala "kochulukirapo".
Zigawo zimapangidwa ku fakitale ndipo zimayikidwa pamalopo okha. Kulondola kwa kukongoletsa kumawonjezeka kwambiri, mphamvu ya zinthu za anthu imachepa kwambiri, mtundu wa kukongoletsa ndi wosavuta kutsimikizira, ndipo mtundu wa zigawo umakhala wabwino komanso wolinganizika bwino.
(3) Njira yonseyi ndi yoteteza chilengedwe komanso yathanzi.
Monga chinthucho, zida zonse zomwe zakonzedwa kale zimapangidwa ku fakitale, palibe ntchito yonyowa, ndipo chinthucho chimakhala ndi chilengedwe komanso thanzi labwino.
Malo omangira nyumba ndi ongoyikamo zida zokha, zonse zomangidwa ndi nyumba youma popanda kukonza zina. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yomangira nyumbayo yafupikitsidwa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi njira yachikhalidwe. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika pakukonzanso mahotela a mzinda woyamba ndi wachiwiri, kukonzanso maofesi mwachangu, komanso kusintha kwakukulu kwa nyumba ndi nyumba. Zinthu zabwino kwambiri, ndipo poganizira momwe Kasitomala adzagwiritsire ntchito mtsogolo, ngati kukongoletsa nyumba mtsogolo, zipangizozo ndizosamalira chilengedwe, zathanzi komanso liwiro lomangira nyumbayo ndi lothandiza kwambiri, bwanji sizingakhale zotchuka kwambiri kwa Kasitomala?
6.IMalingaliro a mafakitale akuneneratu kukula kwa msika kupitirira100biliyoniUSD
Malinga ndi mawerengedwe oyenera, akuti msika wa nyumba zomangidwa kale ku China udzafika pa 100 biliyoni USD mu 2025, ndi kukula kwa pachaka kwa 38.26%.
Kukula kwa msika kwapitirira madola 100 biliyoni a ku America. Ndi njira yatsopano yaukadaulo, ndi kampani iti yomwe ingachite bwino kuposa njira yonseyi ndikutsogolera chitukuko cha makampani?
Makampani ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mabizinesi akuluakulu okha ndi omwe ali ndiluso lapamwamba la kapangidwe (ndiko kuti, luso la dziko, la m'deralo, ndi la mafakitale), luso la kapangidwe ndi kafukufuku, ukadaulo wa BIM, kupanga ndi kupereka zidandiluso lophunzitsa ogwira ntchito m'mafakitaleakhoza kukhala m'munda uwu. Dzionetseni bwino mu njira yatsopano yaukadaulo.
Mwatsoka, nyumba za GS ndi za kampani yogwirizana iyi.
Nthawi yotumizira: 14-03-22