Njengamanje, abantu abaningi banaka ukunciphisa ikhabhoni ezakhiweni ezakhiweni ezihlala njalo. Azikho izifundo eziningi mayelana nezindlela zokunciphisa ikhabhoni ezakhiweni zesikhashana ezindaweni zokwakha. Iminyango yamaphrojekthi ezindaweni zokwakha ezinempilo yesevisi engaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ngokuvamile isebenzisa izindlu zohlobo lwe-modular ezingasetshenziswa kabusha, ezingasetshenziswa kabusha. Nciphisa imfucuza yezinto zokwakha futhi unciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, leli fayela lakha uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic oluguquguqukayo oluguquguqukayo lwephrojekthi yendlu yokuguquguquka ukuze lunikeze amandla ahlanzekile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwalo. Uhlelo olufanayo lwe-photovoltaic oluguquguqukayo luhlelwe esakhiweni sesikhashana somnyango wephrojekthi wendawo yokwakha, futhi ukwesekwa kwe-photovoltaic okujwayelekile kanye nomklamo wesistimu yayo ye-photovoltaic kwenziwa ngendlela ye-modular, futhi umklamo ohlanganisiwe we-modular wenziwa ngencazelo ethile ye-unit modulus ukwakha imikhiqizo yobuchwepheshe ehlanganisiwe nehlanganisiwe, ekhishwayo nejikayo. Lo mkhiqizo uthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamandla komnyango wephrojekthi ngokusebenzisa "ubuchwepheshe obuguquguqukayo obuqondile bokugcina i-solar", kunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezakhiwo zesikhashana endaweni yokwakha, futhi kunikeza ukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe ekufezeni umgomo wezakhiwo zekhabhoni eziseduze ne-zero.
Amandla asakazwayo ayindlela yokuphakelwa kwamandla ehlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla nokusetshenziswa kwawo okuhlelwe ohlangothini lomsebenzisi, okunciphisa ukulahleka ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kwamandla. Izakhiwo, njengomzimba oyinhloko wokusetshenziswa kwamandla, zisebenzisa amandla okukhiqiza amandla e-photovoltaic ophahleni olungasebenzi ukuze kufezwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokwawo, okungakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kokugcinwa kwamandla okusatshalaliswa futhi kuphendule ekuhlosweni kukazwelonke kwekhabhoni ephindwe kabili kanye nesiphakamiso se-14 seHlelo Leminyaka Emihlanu. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okwakha ngokwawo kungathuthukisa indima yemboni yezakhiwo emigomweni yekhabhoni ephindwe kabili yezwe.
Leli fayela lifunda ngomphumela wokuzisebenzisa wokukhiqiza ugesi we-photovoltaic wesakhiwo sesikhashana ezindaweni zokwakha, futhi lihlola umphumela wokunciphisa ikhabhoni wobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic be-modular. Lolu cwaningo lugxile kakhulu emnyangweni wephrojekthi wezindlu zohlobo lwe-modular endaweni yokwakha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngoba indawo yokwakha iyisakhiwo sesikhashana, kulula ukunganakwa enkambisweni yokuklama. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngeyunithi ngayinye yezakhiwo zesikhashana kuvame ukuba phezulu. Ngemva kokuba umklamo usulungiselelwe, ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kungancishiswa ngempumelelo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izakhiwo zesikhashana nezindawo ze-photovoltaic ze-modular zingaphinde zisetshenziswe. Ngaphezu kokukhiqizwa kukagesi we-photovoltaic ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinto zokwakha nakho kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
Ubuchwepheshe "bokugcina ilanga, ukuguquguquka okuqondile" buyindlela ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe kanye nendlela ephumelelayo yokufeza ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ezakhiweni
Njengamanje, iShayina ilungisa ngenkuthalo isakhiwo samandla futhi ikhuthaza intuthuko ye-carbon ephansi. NgoSepthemba 2020, uMongameli uXi Jinping waphakamisa umgomo we-double-carbon emhlanganweni wama-75 we-United Nations General Assembly. IShayina izofinyelela ukukhishwa kwayo kwe-carbon dioxide ngo-2030 futhi ifinyelele ukungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon ngo-2060. "Iziphakamiso zeKomidi Eliphakathi leQembu LamaKhomanisi laseShayina mayelana Nokwakha Uhlelo Lweminyaka Eyishumi Nane Lwentuthuko Yezomnotho Nezenhlalo Kazwelonke kanye Nemigomo Yesikhathi Eside ka-2035" ziveze ukuthi kuyadingeka ukukhuthaza inguquko yamandla, ukuthuthukisa amandla okusetshenziswa okusha kwamandla nokugcina; ukusheshisa ukukhuthazwa kwentuthuko ye-carbon ephansi, ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo eziluhlaza kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon ngamandla. Begxile emigomweni ye-carbon ephindwe kabili yokungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon kanye nezincomo zoHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu lwe-14, iminyango kahulumeni kanye namakhomishini ahlukahlukene kazwelonke aqalise ngokulandelana izinqubomgomo ezithile zokukhuthaza, phakathi kwazo amandla asatshalaliswayo kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla asatshalaliswayo kuyizinkomba ezibalulekile zentuthuko.
Ngokwezibalo, ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuvela emisebenzini yokwakha kubalelwa ku-22% wokukhishwa kwekhabhoni okuphelele ezweni. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngeyunithi ngayinye yendawo yezakhiwo zomphakathi kuye kwanda ngokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezinkulu nezinkulu zesistimu ephakathi ezakhiwe kabusha emadolobheni eminyakeni yamuva. Ngakho-ke, ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni kwezakhiwo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yezwe ukuze kufezwe ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni. Enye yeziqondiso ezibalulekile zemboni yokwakha ekuphenduleni isu likazwelonke lokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ukwakha uhlelo olusha lukagesi "lwe-'photovoltaic + ukushaja ngezindlela ezimbili + i-DC + ukulawula okuguquguqukayo' (isitoreji se-photovoltaic esiqondile esiguquguqukayo)" ngaphansi kwesimo sokufakwa kukagesi okuphelele kokusetshenziswa kwamandla embonini yokwakha. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe "besitoreji selanga esiqondile esiguquguqukayo" bunganciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni cishe ngo-25% emisebenzini yokwakha. Ngakho-ke, ubuchwepheshe "besitoreji selanga esiqondile esiguquguqukayo" buwubuchwepheshe obuyisihluthulelo bokuzinzisa ukuguquguquka kwegridi yamandla ensimini yokwakha, ukufinyelela ingxenye enkulu yamandla avuselelekayo, nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kukagesi kwezakhiwo zesikhathi esizayo. Kuyindlela ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe kanye nendlela ephumelelayo yokufeza ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ezakhiweni.
Uhlelo lwe-Photovoltaic oluyi-Modular
Izakhiwo zesikhashana endaweni yokwakha zisebenzisa kakhulu izindlu zohlobo lwe-modular ezingasetshenziswa kabusha, ngakho-ke uhlelo lwe-module ye-photovoltaic module olungaguqulwa futhi lwenzelwe izindlu zohlobo lwe-modular. Lo mkhiqizo wokwakhiwa kwe-photovoltaic yesikhashana sendawo ye-zero-carbon usebenzisa i-modularization ukuklama izisekelo ze-photovoltaic ezijwayelekile kanye nezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic. Okokuqala, kusekelwe ezicacisweni ezimbili: indlu ejwayelekile (6×3×3) kanye nendlu yokuhamba ngezinyawo (6×2×3), ukwakheka kwe-photovoltaic kwenziwa ngendlela enamathayela phezulu kwendlu yohlobo lwe-modular, kanye namaphaneli e-silicon photovoltaic e-monocrystalline abekwa esitsheni ngasinye esijwayelekile. I-photovoltaic ibekwa esisekelweni se-photovoltaic ngezansi ukuze yakhe ingxenye ehlanganisiwe ye-photovoltaic modular, ephakanyiswa iyonke ukuze kube lula ukuthutha kanye nokushintshana.
Uhlelo lokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic luqukethe ikakhulukazi amamojula e-photovoltaic, umshini ohlanganisiwe wokulawula i-inverter, kanye nebhethri. Iqembu lomkhiqizo liqukethe izindlu ezimbili ezijwayelekile kanye nendlu eyodwa ye-aisle ukwakha ibhulokhi yeyunithi, kanti amabhulokhi ayisithupha amayunithi ahlanganiswa abe amayunithi esikhala sephrojekthi ahlukene, ukuze avumelane nokuhlelwa kwendawo komnyango wephrojekthi futhi akhe uhlelo lwephrojekthi ye-zero-carbon olulungiselelwe kusengaphambili. Imikhiqizo ye-modular ingahlukahluka futhi ivumelane ngokukhululekile namaphrojekthi nezindawo ezithile, futhi isebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-BIPV ukunciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kohlelo lwamandla okwakha oluphelele lomnyango wephrojekthi, okuhlinzeka ngethuba lezakhiwo zomphakathi ezifundeni ezahlukene nangaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezahlukene ukufeza imigomo yokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni. Indlela yobuchwepheshe yokubhekisela.
1. Umklamo we-Modular
Umklamo ohlanganisiwe we-Modular wenziwa ngamamojula eyunithi angu-6m×3m kanye no-6m×2m ukuze kufezwe ukushintshwa kanye nokuthuthwa okulula. Iqinisekisa ukufika komkhiqizo okusheshayo, ukusebenza okuzinzile, izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi, kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokwakha endaweni. Umklamo we-modular ufeza ukwakhiwa kwangaphambili kwefektri ehlanganisiwe, ukuhlanganiswa okuphelele kokufakwa kanye nokuthuthwa, ukuxhumeka kokuphakamisa kanye nokukhiya, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, kwenza inqubo yokwakha ibe lula, kufinyeze isikhathi sokwakha, futhi kunciphise umthelela endaweni yokwakha.
Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko be-modular:
(1) Izixhumi zekona ezihambisana nendlu yohlobo lwe-modular zilungele ukuxhumeka kwesekelo se-photovoltaic se-modular nendlu yohlobo lwe-modular engezansi;
(2) Ukuhlelwa kwe-photovoltaic kugwema isikhala esingaphezu kwezingxenyana zekona, ukuze amabhuleki e-photovoltaic ahlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze athuthwe;
(3) Uhlaka lwebhuloho eliyi-modular, olulungele ukwakheka okujwayelekile kwezintambo ze-photovoltaic;
(4) Inhlanganisela ye-modular ye-2A+B yenza kube lula ukukhiqizwa okujwayelekile futhi inciphise izingxenye ezenziwe ngokwezifiso;
(5) Amamojula ayisithupha e-2A+B ahlanganiswa abe yiyunithi encane ene-inverter encane, kanti amayunithi amabili amancane ahlanganiswa abe yiyunithi enkulu ene-inverter enkulu.
2. Umklamo ophansi wekhabhoni
Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-zero-carbon, lolu cwaningo luklama imikhiqizo yokwakha yesikhashana ye-zero-carbon site photovoltaic, ukwakheka kwe-modular, ukukhiqizwa okujwayelekile, uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe lwe-photovoltaic, kanye nokusekela ukuguqulwa kwe-modular kanye nemishini yokugcina amandla, kufaka phakathi amamojula we-photovoltaic kanye namamojula we-inverter, amamojula ebhethri ukwakha uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic olufeza ukukhishwa kwe-carbon okungenayo i-zero ngesikhathi sokusebenza komnyango wephrojekthi yendawo yokwakha. Amamojula we-photovoltaic, amamojula we-inverter, kanye namamojula ebhethri angahlakazwa, ahlanganiswe, futhi aguqulwe, okuyinto elula ukuguqula amaphrojekthi kanye nendlu yohlobo lwebhokisi. Imikhiqizo ye-Modular ingazivumelanisa nezidingo zezikali ezahlukene ngokushintsha kobuningi. Lo mqondo wokuklama imojula ekhishwayo, ehlanganiswayo, kanye neyunithi ungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, unciphise ukukhishwa kwe-carbon, futhi ukhuthaze ukufezwa kwemigomo engathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon.
3. Umklamo wesistimu yokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic
Uhlelo lokuphehla amandla e-photovoltaic luqukethe ikakhulukazi amamojula e-photovoltaic, umshini ohlanganisiwe wokulawula i-inverter, kanye nebhethri. I-PV yendlu yohlobo lwe-modular ibekwe ngendlela enamathayela ophahleni. Isitsha ngasinye esijwayelekile sibekwe izingcezu ezingu-8 zamaphaneli e-silicon photovoltaic e-monocrystalline anosayizi ongu-1924×1038×35mm, kanti isitsha ngasinye se-aisle sibekwe izingcezu ezi-5 zamaphaneli e-silicon photovoltaic e-monocrystalline anosayizi wamaphaneli e-photovoltaic angu-1924×1038×35mm.
Emini, amamojula e-photovoltaic akhiqiza ugesi, kanti isilawuli kanye ne-inverter baguqula ugesi oqondile ube ugesi oshintshanayo ukuze kusetshenziswe umthwalo. Uhlelo lubeka phambili ekuhlinzekeni amandla kagesi emthwalweni. Lapho amandla kagesi akhiqizwa yi-photovoltaic emakhulu kunamandla omthwalo, amandla kagesi angaphezulu azoshaja iphakethe lebhethri ngokusebenzisa isilawuli sokushaja nokukhipha; lapho ukukhanya kubuthakathaka noma ebusuku, imojula ye-photovoltaic ayikhiqizi ugesi, futhi iphakethe lebhethri lidlula emshinini ohlanganisiwe wokulawula i-inverter. Amandla kagesi agcinwe ebhethrini aguqulwa abe ugesi oshintshanayo womthwalo.
Isifinyezo
Ubuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic obuhambisanayo busetshenziswa endaweni yehhovisi kanye nendawo yokuhlala yomnyango wephrojekthi endaweni yokwakha yeSakhiwo 4~6 ePingshan New Energy Automobile Industrial Park, eShenzhen. Amaqembu angu-49 ahlelwe eqenjini le-2A+B (bheka uMfanekiso 5), ahlonyiswe ngama-inverter angu-8. Umthamo ofakiwe uwonke ungu-421.89kW, isilinganiso sokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngonyaka singama-427,000 kWh, ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kungu-0.3748kgCOz/kWh, kanti ukwehla kwekhabhoni ngonyaka komnyango wephrojekthi kungu-160tC02.
Ubuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic obuhambisanayo bunganciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni endaweni yokwakha, okuzovala ukunganakwa kokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni esigabeni sokuqala sokwakha kwesakhiwo. Ukuguqulwa, ukulinganisa, ukuhlanganiswa, kanye nokushintshana kunganciphisa kakhulu ukuchithwa kwezinto zokwakha, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa, futhi kunciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ukusetshenziswa kwensimu kobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic obuhambisanayo emnyangweni omusha wephrojekthi yamandla ekugcineni kuzofinyelela izinga lokusetshenziswa elingaphezu kuka-90% wamandla ahlanzekile asatshalaliswa esakhiweni, okungaphezu kuka-90% wokwaneliseka kwezinto zesevisi, futhi kunciphise ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni emnyangweni wephrojekthi ngaphezu kuka-20% minyaka yonke. Ngaphezu kokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kohlelo lwamandla okwakha oluphelele lomnyango wephrojekthi, i-BIPV iphinde inikeze indlela yobuchwepheshe yokubhekisela yezakhiwo zomphakathi ezifundeni ezahlukene nangaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezahlukene ukuze kufezwe imigomo yokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni. Ukwenza ucwaningo olufanele kulo mkhakha ngesikhathi nokusebenzisa leli thuba elingavamile kungenza izwe lethu lihole futhi lihole kulolu shintsho oluguqukayo.
Isikhathi sokuposa: 17-07-23