Okwangoku, uninzi lwabantu lunika ingqalelo ekunciphiseni ikhabhoni kwizakhiwo ezisisigxina. Akukho phando lungako malunga neendlela zokunciphisa ikhabhoni kwizakhiwo zexeshana kwiindawo zokwakha. Amasebe eprojekthi kwiindawo zokwakha ezinobomi benkonzo obungaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ngokubanzi asebenzisa izindlu ezinokusetyenziswa kwakhona, ezinokusetyenziswa kwakhona. Nciphisa inkunkuma yezinto zokwakha kwaye unciphise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe ngakumbi ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, le fayile iphuhlisa inkqubo ye-photovoltaic yemodyuli ejikajikayo yeprojekthi yendlu yemodyuli yokuguqula umbane ukuze inike amandla acocekileyo ngexesha lokusebenza kwayo. Inkqubo efanayo ye-photovoltaic yokuguqula umbane icwangciswe kwisakhiwo sexeshana sesebe leprojekthi kwindawo yokwakha, kwaye inkxaso ye-photovoltaic esemgangathweni kunye noyilo lwenkqubo yayo ye-photovoltaic zenziwa ngendlela yemodyuli, kwaye uyilo oluhlanganisiweyo lwemodyuli lwenziwa ngenkcazo ethile ye-unit modulus ukwenza iimveliso zobugcisa ezihlanganisiweyo nezihlanganisiweyo, ezinokususwa nezijikajikayo. Le mveliso iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwamandla kwesebe leprojekthi ngokusebenzisa "iteknoloji eguquguqukayo yokugcina ilanga", inciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngexesha lokusebenza kwezakhiwo zexeshana kwindawo yokwakha, kwaye inika inkxaso yobugcisa ekufezekiseni injongo yezakhiwo zekhabhoni eziphantse zibe zero.
Amandla asasazwayo yindlela yokubonelela ngamandla edibanisa imveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okucwangcisiweyo kwicala lomsebenzisi, nto leyo enciphisa ilahleko ngexesha lokudluliselwa kwamandla. Izakhiwo, njengomzimba ophambili wokusetyenziswa kwamandla, zisebenzisa amandla okuvelisa amandla e-photovoltaic eluphahleni olungasebenziyo ukuze zifezekise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokwazo, nto leyo enokukhuthaza uphuhliso lokugcina amandla asasazwayo kwaye iphendule kwithagethi yesizwe ye-double carbon kunye nesindululo se-14 seSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okwakha ngokwako kunokuphucula indima yoshishino lwezakhiwo kwiithagethi ze-dual carbon zelizwe.
Le fayile ifunda ngesiphumo sokuzisebenzisa sokuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic okwethutyana kwiindawo zokwakha, kwaye ihlola isiphumo sokunciphisa ikhabhoni sobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic obusetyenziswa kwiimodyuli. Olu phononongo lugxile kakhulu kwicandelo leprojekthi yezindlu zohlobo lwe-modular kwindawo yokwakha. Kwelinye icala, kuba indawo yokwakha sisakhiwo sexeshana, kulula ukuyityeshela kwinkqubo yoyilo. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwindawo nganye yezakhiwo zexeshana kudla ngokuba phezulu. Emva kokuba uyilo lulungisiwe, ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo. Kwelinye icala, izakhiwo zexeshana kunye nezibonelelo ze-photovoltaic ezisetyenziswa kwiimodyuli zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe. Ukongeza ekuvelisweni kwamandla e-photovoltaic ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto zokwakha kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.
Iteknoloji "yokugcina ilanga, ukuguquguquka ngokuthe ngqo" yindlela ebalulekileyo yobugcisa kunye nendlela esebenzayo yokufezekisa ukungathathi cala kwekhabhoni kwizakhiwo
Okwangoku, iTshayina ilungisa ngokukhutheleyo ulwakhiwo lwamandla kwaye ikhuthaza uphuhliso olunekhabhoni ephantsi. NgoSeptemba 2020, uMongameli uXi Jinping wacebisa injongo yekhabhoni ezimbini kwiseshoni yama-75 yeNdibano Jikelele yeZizwe eziManyeneyo. ITshayina iya kufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu lokukhupha i-carbon dioxide ngo-2030 kwaye ifikelele kwi-carbon neutral ngo-2060. "Iingcebiso zeKomiti ePhakathi yeQela lamaKhomanisi laseTshayina malunga nokuQulunqwa kweSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu seShumi elinesine soPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho neNtlalo yeSizwe kunye neenjongo zeXesha elide zowama-2035" zibonise ukuba kuyimfuneko ukukhuthaza utshintsho lwamandla, ukuphucula amandla okusetyenziswa kwamandla amatsha kunye nokugcinwa kwawo; ukukhawulezisa ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olunekhabhoni ephantsi, ukuphuhlisa izakhiwo eziluhlaza kunye nokunciphisa amandla okukhupha i-carbon. Begxile kwiinjongo zekhabhoni ezimbini zokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni kunye neengcebiso zeSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu se-14, oorhulumente bamazwe ahlukeneyo kunye neekomishini baye bazisa ngokulandelelana imigaqo-nkqubo ethile yokukhuthaza, phakathi kwayo amandla asasazwayo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla asasazwayo zezona zikhokelo ziphambili zophuhliso.
Ngokwezibalo, ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwimisebenzi yezakhiwo kumalunga ne-22% yemveliso iyonke yekhabhoni ekhutshwayo elizweni. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngeyunithi nganye yendawo yezakhiwo zikawonkewonke kuye kwanda ngokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezinkulu nezinkulu zenkqubo ephakathi ezakhiwe ezidolophini kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ke ngoko, ukungakhethi cala kwezakhiwo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yelizwe ukuze kufezekiswe ukungakhethi cala kwekhabhoni. Enye yeendlela eziphambili zoshishino lokwakha ekuphenduleni isicwangciso sesizwe sokungakhethi cala kwekhabhoni kukwakha inkqubo entsha yombane "ye-'photovoltaic + ukutshaja ngeendlela ezimbini + i-DC + ulawulo oluguquguqukayo' (i-photovoltaic storage direct flexible)" phantsi kwemeko yokufakelwa kombane ngokupheleleyo kokusetyenziswa kwamandla kushishino lokwakha. Kuqikelelwa ukuba iteknoloji "yokugcina i-solar-direct flexible" inokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni malunga ne-25% kwimisebenzi yokwakha. Ke ngoko, iteknoloji "yokugcina i-solar-direct-flexibility" yiteknoloji ephambili yokuzinzisa ukuguquguquka kwegridi yamandla kwintsimi yesakhiwo, ukufikelela kwinxalenye enkulu yamandla avuselelekayo, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kombane kwezakhiwo zexesha elizayo. Yindlela ebalulekileyo yobugcisa kunye nendlela esebenzayo yokufezekisa ukungakhethi cala kwekhabhoni kwizakhiwo.
Inkqubo yeModular Photovoltaic
Izakhiwo zexeshana kwindawo yokwakha zisebenzisa kakhulu izindlu zohlobo lwe-modular ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, ngoko ke inkqubo yemodyuli ye-photovoltaic eguquguqukayo enokuguqulwa yenzelwe izindlu zohlobo lwe-modular. Le mveliso yokwakha yesikhashana ye-photovoltaic site ye-zero-carbon isebenzisa i-modularization ukuyila inkxaso ye-photovoltaic esemgangathweni kunye neenkqubo ze-photovoltaic. Okokuqala, isekelwe kwiinkcukacha ezimbini: indlu esemgangathweni (6×3×3) kunye nendlu yokuhambahamba (6×2×3), uyilo lwe-photovoltaic lwenziwa ngendlela efakwe iithayile phezulu kwendlu yohlobo lwe-modular, kwaye iiphaneli ze-silicon photovoltaic ze-monocrystalline zibekwe kwisikhongozeli ngasinye esisemgangathweni. I-photovoltaic ibekwe kwinkxaso ye-photovoltaic engezantsi ukwenza icandelo le-photovoltaic elidibeneyo le-modular, eliphakanyiswa lilonke ukuze kube lula ukuthuthwa kunye nokujika.
Inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane we-photovoltaic yenziwe ikakhulu ziimodyuli ze-photovoltaic, umatshini odibeneyo wolawulo lwe-inverter, kunye nebhetri. Iqela lemveliso liqulathe izindlu ezimbini ezisemgangathweni kunye nendlu enye ye-aisle ukwenza ibhloko yeyunithi, kwaye iibhloko zeeyunithi ezintandathu zidityaniswe zibe ziiyunithi ezahlukeneyo zesithuba seprojekthi, ukuze zilungelelaniswe noyilo lwesithuba sesebe leprojekthi kwaye zenze isicwangciso seprojekthi ye-zero-carbon esakhelwe kwangaphambili. Iimveliso ze-modular zinokuhluka kwaye zilungelelaniswe ngokukhululekileyo kwiiprojekthi kunye neendawo ezithile, kwaye zisebenzise itekhnoloji ye-BIPV ukunciphisa ngakumbi ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwenkqubo yamandla okwakha iyonke yesebe leprojekthi, okubonelela ngamathuba kwizakhiwo zikawonke-wonke kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo naphantsi kwemozulu ezahlukeneyo ukufezekisa iinjongo ezingathathi cala zekhabhoni. Indlela yobugcisa yokubhekisa.
1. Uyilo lweModular
Uyilo oludibeneyo lweModular lwenziwa ngeemodyuli zeyunithi ze-6m×3m kunye ne-6m×2m ukuze kufezekiswe ukujika kunye nokuthuthwa okulula. Iqinisekisa ukufika kwemveliso ngokukhawuleza, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, iindleko zokusebenza eziphantsi, kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokwakha kwindawo. Uyilo oludibeneyo lwenza ukuba umzi-mveliso odibeneyo ube semgangathweni, ukuhlanganiswa kunye nokuthuthwa ngokubanzi, uqhagamshelo lokuphakanyiswa kunye nokutshixwa, okuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukwenza lula inkqubo yokwakha, ukunciphisa ixesha lokwakha, kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo kwindawo yokwakha.
Iiteknoloji eziphambili zemodyuli:
(1) Izixhobo zekona ezihambelana nendlu yohlobo lwemodyuli zilungele ukuqhagamshelwa kwenkxaso ye-photovoltaic yemodyuli kunye nendlu yohlobo lwemodyuli engezantsi;
(2) Uyilo lwe-photovoltaic luthintela indawo engaphezulu kwezixhobo zekona, ukuze izibiyeli ze-photovoltaic zikwazi ukuhlanganiswa ndawonye ukuze zithuthwe;
(3) Isakhelo sebhulorho esimiselweyo, esilungele uyilo oluqhelekileyo lweentambo ze-photovoltaic;
(4) Indibaniselwano ye-2A+B modular inceda ekuvelisweni kwemveliso esemgangathweni kwaye inciphisa izinto ezenziwe ngokwezifiso;
(5) Iimodyuli ezintandathu ze-2A+B zidityaniswe zibe yiyunithi encinci ene-inverter encinci, kwaye iiyunithi ezimbini ezincinci zidityaniswe zibe yiyunithi enkulu ene-inverter enkulu.
2. Uyilo olunekhabhoni ephantsi
Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe be-zero-carbon, olu phando luyila iimveliso zokwakha zexeshana ze-zero-carbon site photovoltaic, uyilo lwe-modular, imveliso esemgangathweni, inkqubo ye-photovoltaic edibeneyo, kunye nokuxhasa ukuguqulwa kwe-modular kunye nezixhobo zokugcina amandla, kubandakanya iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic kunye neemodyuli ze-inverter, iimodyuli zebhetri ukwenza inkqubo ye-photovoltaic efezekisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni okungeyonto ngexesha lokusebenza kwesebe leprojekthi yendawo yokwakha. Iimodyuli ze-Photovoltaic, iimodyuli ze-inverter, kunye neemodyuli zebhetri zinokuhlulwa, zidityaniswe, kwaye ziguqulwe, nto leyo elula ukuguqula iiprojekthi kunye nendlu yohlobo lwebhokisi. Iimveliso ze-Modular zinokuzivumelanisa neemfuno zezikali ezahlukeneyo ngokutshintsha kobungakanani. Le ngcamango yoyilo lwemodyuli enokususwa, enokudityaniswa, kunye neyunithi inokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, inciphise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kwaye ikhuthaze ukufezekiswa kweenjongo ezingathathi cala zekhabhoni.
3. Uyilo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa umbane nge-photovoltaic
Inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane we-photovoltaic yenziwe ikakhulu ziimodyuli ze-photovoltaic, umatshini odibeneyo wolawulo lwe-inverter, kunye nebhetri. I-PV yendlu yohlobo lwe-modular ibekwe ngendlela efakwe iithayile eluphahleni. Isikhongozeli ngasinye esiqhelekileyo sibekwe iziqwenga ezisi-8 zeephaneli ze-silicon photovoltaic ze-monocrystalline ezinobukhulu be-1924×1038×35mm, kwaye isikhongozeli ngasinye se-aisle sibekwe iziqwenga ezi-5 zeephaneli ze-silicon photovoltaic ze-monocrystalline ezinobukhulu be-1924×1038×35mm.
Emini, iimodyuli ze-photovoltaic zivelisa umbane, kwaye isilawuli kunye ne-inverter ziguqula umbane ngqo ube ngumbane otshintshanayo ukuze kusetyenziswe umthwalo. Inkqubo inika kuqala ukubonelela ngamandla ombane kumthwalo. Xa amandla ombane aveliswa yi-photovoltaic engaphezulu kwamandla omthwalo, amandla ombane agqithisileyo aya kutshaja iphakheji yebhetri ngokusebenzisa isilawuli sokutshaja kunye nokukhupha; xa ukukhanya kubuthathaka okanye ebusuku, imodyuli ye-photovoltaic ayivelisi umbane, kwaye iphakheji yebhetri idlula kumatshini odibeneyo wolawulo lwe-inverter. Amandla ombane agcinwe kwibhetri aguqulwa abe ngumbane otshintshanayo womthwalo.
Isishwankathelo
Itekhnoloji ye-photovoltaic yemodyuli isetyenziswa kwindawo yeofisi kunye nendawo yokuhlala yesebe leprojekthi kwindawo yokwakha yeSakhiwo 4~6 ePingshan New Energy Automobile Industrial Park, eShenzhen. Amaqela angama-49 ewonke abekwe kwiqela le-2A+B (jonga uMfanekiso 5), axhotyiswe ngee-inverters ezi-8. Umthamo opheleleyo ofakiweyo yi-421.89kW, ukuveliswa kombane okuqhelekileyo ngonyaka yi-427,000 kWh, ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni yi-0.3748kgCOz/kWh, kwaye ukuncipha kwekhabhoni ngonyaka kwesebe leprojekthi yi-160tC02.
Itekhnoloji ye-photovoltaic eguquguqukayo inokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwindawo yokwakha, ihlawulele ukungahoywa kokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwinqanaba lokuqala lokwakha kwesakhiwo. Ukuguqulwa, ukubekwa emgangathweni, ukuhlanganiswa, kunye nokujika kwezinto kunokunciphisa kakhulu inkunkuma yezixhobo zokwakha, kuphucule ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye kunciphise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni. Ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji ye-photovoltaic eguquguqukayo kwicandelo elitsha leprojekthi yamandla ekugqibeleni kuya kufikelela kwizinga lokusetyenziswa elingaphezulu kwe-90% yamandla acocekileyo asasazwayo kwisakhiwo, ngaphezulu kwe-90% yokwaneliseka kwezinto zenkonzo, kwaye kunciphise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwicandelo leprojekthi ngaphezulu kwe-20% minyaka le. Ukongeza ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kwenkqubo iyonke yamandla okwakha kwicandelo leprojekthi, i-BIPV ikwabonelela ngendlela yobugcisa yesalathiso kwizakhiwo zikawonke-wonke kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo naphantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu ukuze kufezekiswe iinjongo zokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni. Ukwenza uphando olufanelekileyo kweli candelo ngexesha kunye nokusebenzisa eli thuba lingaqhelekanga kunokwenza ilizwe lethu lithathe ukhokelo kwaye likhokele kolu tshintsho luguqukayo.
Ixesha leposi: 17-07-23