I tēnei wā, ko te nuinga o te iwi e aro nui ana ki te whakaiti i te waro o ngā whare kei runga i ngā whare tuturu. Kāore i te maha ngā rangahau mō ngā mahi whakaiti waro mō ngā whare rangitahi kei runga i ngā papa hanga. Ko ngā tari kaupapa kei runga i ngā papa hanga he iti iho i te 5 tau te roa o te mahi ka whakamahi i ngā whare momo-pūrua ka taea te whakamahi anō. Whakaitihia te para o ngā rauemi hanga me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro.
Hei whakaiti ake i ngā tukunga waro, ka whakawhanakehia e tēnei kōnae he pūnaha photovoltaic modular ka taea te huri mō te kaupapa whare modular huri hei whakarato i te pūngao ma i te wā e whakahaerehia ana. Ko te pūnaha photovoltaic huri kotahi kua whakaritea ki runga i te whare rangitahi o te tari kaupapa o te papa hanga, ā, ko te tautoko photovoltaic paerewa me tana hoahoa pūnaha photovoltaic ka mahia i roto i te huarahi modular, ā, ko te hoahoa whakauru modularized ka mahia me te whakatakotoranga o te modulus wae hei hanga i tētahi hua hangarau whakauru me te modularized, ka taea te tango me te huri. Ka whakapai ake tēnei hua i te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga hiko o te tari kaupapa mā te "hangarau rokiroki tika solar", ka whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro i te wā e whakahaerehia ana ngā whare rangitahi i runga i te papa hanga, ā, ka whakarato tautoko hangarau mō te whakatutuki i te whāinga o ngā whare waro tata-kore.
Ko te pūngao tohatoha he tikanga tuku pūngao e whakauru ana i te whakaputa me te whakamahinga pūngao kua whakaritea ki te taha kaiwhakamahi, e whakaiti ana i te ngaronga i te wā e tukuna ana te pūngao. Ko ngā whare, hei tinana matua o te whakamahinga pūngao, e whakamahi ana i te pūngao whakaputa hiko photovoltaic kore mahi i runga i te tuanui hei whakatutuki i te whakamahinga-ā-koe, ka taea te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga o te rokiroki pūngao tohatoha me te aro ki te whāinga waro-rua ā-motu me te tono Mahere Tau-rima 14. Mā te whakamahinga-ā-koe o te pūngao whare ka taea te whakapai ake i te tūranga o te umanga hanga whare i roto i ngā whāinga waro-rua o te motu.
E rangahau ana tēnei kōnae i te pānga o te whakaputa hiko photovoltaic ā-whaiaro o ngā whare rangitahi i ngā papa hanga, ā, e tūhuratia ana hoki te pānga whakaiti waro o te hangarau photovoltaic modular. Ko te arotahi matua o tēnei rangahau ko te tari kaupapa o ngā whare momo modular i te papa hanga. I tētahi taha, nā te mea he whare rangitahi te papa hanga, he ngāwari te wareware i roto i te tukanga hoahoa. He nui te whakamahinga pūngao mō ia wāhanga horahanga o ngā whare rangitahi. I muri i te arotautanga o te hoahoa, ka taea te whakaiti pai i ngā tukunga waro. I tētahi atu taha, ka taea te hangarua i ngā whare rangitahi me ngā whakaurunga photovoltaic modular. Haunga te whakaputa hiko photovoltaic hei whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro, ka tino whakaitihia hoki e te whakamahinga anō o ngā rauemi hanga ngā tukunga waro.
He huarahi hangarau nui, he huarahi whai hua hoki te hangarau "te rokiroki pūngao rā, te ngāwari tika" hei whakatutuki i te korenga o te waro i roto i ngā whare.
I tēnei wā, kei te kaha te whakarerekē a Haina i te hanganga pūngao me te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga iti-waro. I te marama o Hepetema 2020, i whakaarohia e te Perehitini Xi Jinping he whāinga rua-waro i te huihuinga 75 o te Runanga Nui o te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao. Ka eke a Haina ki te taumata teitei o ana tukunga hauhā waro i te tau 2030, ā, ka tutuki i te kore-waro i te tau 2060. "Ko ngā Whakaaro a te Komiti Matua o te Rōpū Kōmiuniti o Haina mō te Hanga i te Mahere Tekau mā Whā o ngā Tau Rima mō te Whakawhanaketanga Ōhanga me te Hapori ā-Motu me ngā Whāinga Roa mō te tau 2035" i tohu he mea tika kia whakatairangahia te hurihanga pūngao, kia whakapai ake i te kaha o te whakamahi me te rokiroki pūngao hou; kia tere ake te whakatairanga i te whanaketanga iti-waro, kia whakawhanakehia ngā whare matomato me te whakaiti i te kaha o ngā tukunga waro. I te arotahi ki ngā whāinga rua-waro o te kore-waro me ngā taunakitanga o te Mahere Tekau mā Whā o ngā Tau Rima, kua whakaurua e ngā minitatanga me ngā komihana ā-motu ngā kaupapa here whakatairanga motuhake, i roto i ēnei ko te pūngao tohatoha me te rokiroki pūngao tohatoha ko ngā huarahi whanaketanga matua.
E ai ki ngā tatauranga, ko ngā tukunga waro mai i ngā mahi hanga whare e 22% o te tapeke o ngā tukunga waro o te whenua. Kua piki ake te whakapaunga pūngao mō ia wāhanga o ngā whare tūmatanui me te hanganga o ngā whare pūnaha pokapū nui me te tauine nui i hangaia hou i roto i ngā tāone i ngā tau tata nei. Nō reira, ko te noho kore waro o ngā whare he wāhanga nui o te whenua hei whakatutuki i te noho kore waro. Ko tētahi o ngā huarahi matua o te umanga hanga hei whakautu i te rautaki kore waro ā-motu ko te hanga i tētahi pūnaha hiko hou o te "'photovoltaic + utunga rua-ara + DC + whakahaere ngāwari' (photovoltaic storage direct flexible)" i raro i te āhuatanga o te hiko whānui o te whakapaunga pūngao i roto i te umanga hanga. E kiia ana ka taea e te hangarau "solar-storage direct flexibility" te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro mā te 25% i roto i ngā mahi hanga. Nō reira, ko te hangarau "solar-storage direct-flexibility" he hangarau matua hei whakaū i ngā rerekētanga o te whatunga hiko i roto i te mara hanga, te uru atu ki te nui o te pūngao whakahou, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga hiko o ngā whare o muri mai. He tikanga hangarau nui, he huarahi whai hua hoki hei whakatutuki i te noho kore waro i roto i ngā whare.
Pūnaha Photovoltaic Modular
Ko ngā whare rangitahi i te papa hanga he maha ngā whare momo-pūrua ka taea te whakamahi anō, nō reira he pūnaha pūrua photovoltaic ka taea hoki te huri, kua hangaia mō ngā whare momo-pūrua. Ka whakamahia e tēnei hua hanga rangitahi photovoltaic papa kore-waro te whakapūrua hei hoahoa i ngā tautoko photovoltaic paerewa me ngā pūnaha photovoltaic. Tuatahi, e rua ngā whakatakotoranga e hangai ana: te whare paerewa (6×3×3) me te whare ara hīkoi (6×2×3), ka mahia te tahora photovoltaic i roto i te āhua tāera i runga i te tihi o te whare momo-pūrua, ā, ka whakatakotoria ngā panera photovoltaic silicon monocrystalline ki runga i ia ipu paerewa. Ka whakatakotoria te photovoltaic ki runga i te tautoko photovoltaic i raro hei hanga i tētahi wāhanga photovoltaic pūrua whakauru, ka hikitia katoatia hei whakahaere i te kawe me te hurihanga.
Ko te pūnaha whakaputa hiko photovoltaic he mea hanga nui mai i ngā kōwae photovoltaic, te mīhini whakauru mana inverter, me te kete pākahiko. Ko te rōpū hua he whare paerewa e rua me te whare ara kotahi hei hanga i tētahi poraka wae, ā, e ono ngā poraka wae kua whakakotahihia ki ngā wae wāhi tari kaupapa rerekē, kia urutau ai ki te tahora ā-wāhi o te tari kaupapa me te hanga i tētahi mahere kaupapa waro-kore kua oti te hanga. Ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā hua kōwae me te urutau noa ki ngā kaupapa me ngā wāhi motuhake, me te whakamahi i te hangarau BIPV hei whakaiti ake i ngā tukunga waro o te pūnaha hiko whare whānui o te tari kaupapa, e whakarato ana i te whai wāhitanga mō ngā whare tūmatanui i ngā rohe rerekē me raro i ngā āhuarangi rerekē ki te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga waro-kore. Ko te ara hangarau hei tohutoro.
1. Hoahoa ā-pūrua
Ka mahia te hoahoa whakakotahi ā-pūrere me ngā pūrere 6m×3m me te 6m×2m kia watea ai te hurihanga me te kawe. Ka tere te taunga o te hua, ka pumau te mahi, ka iti te utu whakahaere, ā, ka whakaiti i te wā hanga i te papaanga. Ka tutuki i te hoahoa ā-pūrere te hanganga o mua o te wheketere kua huihuia, te whakarārangi me te kawe whānui, te hiki me te hononga raka, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga, ka māmā ake te tukanga hanga, ka whakapoto i te wā hanga, ā, ka whakaiti i te pānga ki te papaanga hanga.
Ngā hangarau matua o te modular:
(1) He pai ngā hononga kokonga e rite ana ki te whare momo-pūrua mō te hononga o te tautoko photovoltaic pūrua ki te whare momo-pūrua i raro;
(2) Ka karohia e te whakatakotoranga photovoltaic te wāhi i runga ake i ngā hononga kokonga, kia taea ai te whakarārangi ngātahi i ngā whāriki photovoltaic mō te kawe;
(3) Anga piriti ā-whakarerekē, he mea watea mō te whakatakotoranga paerewa o ngā taura photovoltaic;
(4) Mā te huinga waerau 2A+B ka taea te whakahaere i te whakaputanga paerewa, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā wāhanga kua whakaritea;
(5) E ono ngā kōwae 2A+B e honoa ana ki tētahi waeine iti me tētahi kaitahuri iti, ā, e rua ngā waeine iti e honoa ana ki tētahi waeine nui me tētahi kaitahuri nui ake.
2. Hoahoa waro-iti
I runga i te hangarau kore-waro, ka hoahoahia e tēnei rangahau ngā hua hanga rangitahi photovoltaic pae kore-waro, te hoahoa modular, te whakaputa paerewa, te pūnaha photovoltaic whakauru, me te tautoko i ngā taputapu whakawhiti modular me te rokiroki pūngao, tae atu ki ngā modular photovoltaic me ngā modular inverter, ngā modular pākahiko hei hanga i tētahi pūnaha photovoltaic e whakatutuki ana i te kore tukunga waro i te wā e whakahaerehia ana te tari kaupapa papa hanga. Ka taea te wetewete, te whakakotahi, me te huri i ngā modular photovoltaic, ngā modular inverter, me ngā modular pākahiko, he mea watea mō te huri i ngā kaupapa me te whare momo-pouaka. Ka taea e ngā hua modular te urutau ki ngā hiahia o ngā tauine rerekē mā te whakarerekē i te rahinga. Ka taea e tēnei whakaaro hoahoa modular wetewete, whakakotahi, me te waeine te whakapai ake i te pai o te whakaputa, te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro, me te whakatairanga i te whakatutukitanga o ngā whāinga waro-kore.
3. Te hoahoa pūnaha whakaputa hiko photovoltaic
Ko te pūnaha whakaputa hiko photovoltaic he mea hanga nui mai i ngā kōwae photovoltaic, he mīhini whakauru mana inverter, me te kete pākahiko. Ko te PV o te whare momo-kōwae he mea whakatakoto ki runga i te tuanui i roto i te āhua taera. E waru ngā panera photovoltaic silicon monocrystalline e whakatakotoria ana ki ia ipu paerewa, ā, e rima ngā panera photovoltaic silicon monocrystalline e whakatakotoria ana ki ia ipu ara.
I te awatea, ka whakaputa hiko ngā kōwae photovoltaic, ā, ka hurihia e te kaiwhakahaere me te inverter te iahiko tika ki te iahiko tauutuutu mō te whakamahinga o te kawenga. Ka arotahi te pūnaha ki te tuku hiko ki te kawenga. Ina nui ake te kaha hiko e whakaputaina ana e te photovoltaic i te kaha o te kawenga, ka utua e te kaha hiko taikaha te pākahiko mā te kaiwhakahaere utu me te tuku; ina ngoikore te mārama, i te pō rānei, kāore te kōwae photovoltaic e whakaputa hiko, ā, ka haere te pākahiko mā te mīhini whakauru whakahaere inverter. Ka hurihia te kaha hiko e rongoa ana i roto i te pākahiko hei iahiko tauutuutu mō te kawenga.
Whakarāpopototanga
Ka whakamahia te hangarau photovoltaic modular ki te tari me te wāhi noho o te tari kaupapa i te papa hanga o te Whare 4~6 i Pingshan New Energy Automobile Industrial Park, Shenzhen. E 49 ngā rōpū katoa kua whakaritea ki te rōpū 2A+B (tirohia te Pikitia 5), e 8 ngā inverters. Ko te kaha tāuta katoa he 421.89kW, ko te whakaputa hiko toharite ia tau he 427,000 kWh, ko te tukunga waro he 0.3748kgCOz/kWh, ā, ko te whakaiti waro ia tau o te tari kaupapa he 160tC02.
Ka taea e te hangarau photovoltaic modular te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro i te papa hanga, me te whakakapi i te kore aro ki te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro i te wāhanga tuatahi o te hanganga o te whare. Ka taea e te modularization, te standardization, te whakauru, me te huringa te whakaiti i te moumou o ngā rauemi hanga, te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakamahinga, me te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro. Mā te whakamahinga mara o te hangarau photovoltaic modular i roto i te tari kaupapa pūngao hou ka eke ki te reiti whakapaunga neke atu i te 90% o te pūngao ma kua tohatohahia i roto i te whare, neke atu i te 90% o te makona o ngā mea ratonga, me te whakaiti i te tukunga waro o te tari kaupapa neke atu i te 20% ia tau. Haunga te whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro o te pūnaha pūngao whare whānui o te tari kaupapa, ka whakaratohia hoki e te BIPV he ara hangarau tohutoro mō ngā whare tūmatanui i ngā rohe rerekē me raro i ngā āhuatanga āhuarangi rerekē hei whakatutuki i ngā whāinga kore waro. Mā te whakahaere rangahau e tika ana i roto i tēnei mara i te wā tika me te hopu i tēnei whai wāhitanga onge ka taea e tō tātou whenua te arahi me te ārahi i roto i tēnei huringa hurihuri.
Wā tuku: 17-07-23